網絡名稱 轉換 網絡地址

At the time of classful addressing, the number of household users and small businesses that want to use the Internet kept increasing. In the beginning, a user was connected to the Internet with a dial-up line, for a specific period of time. But the situation turned different. Household users and small businesses can be connected by a cable modem. In addition, many are not happy with one address as many have created small networks with several hosts and need an IP address for each host. With the shortage of addresses, this is a serious problem.

在進行分類尋址時，想要使用Internet的家庭用戶和小型企業的數量一直在增加。 最初，用戶在特定時間段內通過撥號線路連接到Internet。 但是情況就不同了。 家庭用戶和小型企業可以通過電纜調制解調器連接。 此外，許多人對一個地址不滿意，因為許多人創建了具有多個主機的小型網絡，并且每個主機都需要一個IP地址。 由于地址不足，這是一個嚴重的問題。

There is a quick solution to this problem is called NAT (Network Address Translation). NAT enables a user to have a large set of addresses internally and one address or a small set of addresses, externally. The traffic inside can use the large set, however, the traffic outside is only the small set or one address.

這個問題有一個快速解決方案，稱為NAT(網絡地址轉換) 。 NAT使用戶可以在內部擁有大量地址，而在外部擁有一個地址或一小組地址。 內部的流量可以使用大集合，但是，外部的流量只是小集合或一個地址。

To separate the addresses used inside the home or business (internal ones), the Internet authorities have reserved three sets of addresses as private addresses, shown below,

為了分隔家庭或公司(內部)內部使用的地址，Internet當局保留了三組地址作為私有地址，如下所示，

     10.  0.0.0 to  10.255.255.255 
172. 16.0.0 to 172. 31.255.255 
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 

Any organization can use an address that may out of this set without taking permission from the Internet authorities. Globally known that these reserved addresses are for private networks.

任何組織都可以使用此地址范圍之外的地址，而無需征得Internet當局的許可。 這些保留的地址是專用網絡專用的。

These addresses are unique in an organization, but they are not unique globally. No router will forward a packet directly to the destination that has one of these addresses.

這些地址在組織中是唯一的，但在全球范圍內不是唯一的。 沒有路由器會將數據包直接轉發到具有這些地址之一的目的地。

Address Translation

地址翻譯

All the outgoing packets go through the NAT (Network Address Translation) router that replaces the source address in the packet with the global NAT address. All incoming packets also pass through the Network Address Translation (NAT) router, which replaces the destination address in the packet.

所有傳出數據包都經過NAT(網絡地址轉換)路由器，該路由器將數據包中的源地址替換為全局NAT地址。 所有傳入的數據包也將通過網絡地址轉換(NAT)路由器，該路由器將替換數據包中的目標地址。

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/computer-networks/network-address-translation.aspx

網絡名稱 轉換 網絡地址