最近在做HACMP雙機互備切換測試的時候,發現一個問題:
A節點的listener端口為1521 ,B節點的listener端口為1522,為什么兩個節點的監聽要用不同的端口號?
當時AB機使用不同端口是基于如下考慮:
HACMP的切換數據庫的過程中,希望同時控制監聽的啟動和停止,如果兩個數據庫使用同一個監聽,考慮如下情況
監聽在A機和B都正常運行在1521
A機故障,db1切換到B機,先關閉A機的監聽,文件系統切換到B機,db1在B機啟動,啟動監聽,提示端口已被占用,可以忽略,因為A的實例會動態注冊到可用的listener中去。
A機修復,db1會優先切換回A機,如果腳本中這時關閉B機監聽,雖然不會影響B機已經連接的客戶端,但是如果B機有新客戶端連接,將不能連接到B機的數據庫。
問題:為什么在一個節點上不能同時起兩個同一端口的listener呢?(這個問題困惑我好久了,就連做夢都在問為什么?)
回答:其實不光是不能同時起動端口相同的listener,在listener.ora文件中,同一個KEY值的listener也是不可以同時啟動的,就類似于是listener的唯一標識。即IPC addresses(KEY) or TCP port numbers are not duplicated.
在考慮這個問題的過程中,做了一些有關listener的實驗,在這里與大家分享
1. 一個端口的listener可以注冊多個實例
(備注:這個當然了,比如我們在一個節點上安裝多個實例)
e.g.
LSNRCTL> status
正在連接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1521)))
LISTENER 的 STATUS
------------------------
別名????????????????????? LISTENER
版本????????????????????? TNSLSNR for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Produc
tion
啟動日期????????????????? 08-6月 -2009 09:17:22
正常運行時間????????????? 4 天 0 小時 25 分 6 秒
跟蹤級別????????????????? off
安全性??????????????????? OFF
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
監聽器參數文件????????? d:\oracle\network\admin\listener.ora
監聽器日志文件????????? d:\oracle\network\log\listener.log
監聽端點概要...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC0ipc)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=8080))(Presentation=HTTP)
(Session=RAW))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=2100))(Presentation=FTP)(
Session=RAW))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=8080))(Presentation=HTTP)
(Session=RAW))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=2100))(Presentation=FTP)(
Session=RAW))
服務摘要..
服務 "PLSExtProc" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "PLSExtProc", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
服務 "leiz" 包含 2 個例程。/*實例LEIZ*/
例程 "leiz", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序.../*靜態注冊*/
例程 "leiz", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序.../*動態注冊*/
服務 "leiz2" 包含 2 個例程。/*實例LEIZ2*/
例程 "leiz2", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序.../*靜態注冊*/
例程 "leiz2", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序.../*動態注冊*/?? 服務 "leiz2XDB" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "leiz2", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
服務 "leizXDB" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "leiz", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
命令執行成功
2. 一個實例可以同時注冊到多個不同端口的listener去
(備注:這個也沒問題,比如一個實例注冊到多個不同端口的listener中)
e.g.
LSNRCTL> status listener?? 正在連接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1521)))
LISTENER 的 STATUS
------------------------
別名????????????????????? LISTENER?? 版本????????????????????? TNSLSNR for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Produc
tion
啟動日期????????????????? 08-6月 -2009 09:17:22
正常運行時間????????????? 4 天 0 小時 13 分 14 秒
跟蹤級別????????????????? off
安全性??????????????????? OFF
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
監聽器參數文件????????? d:\oracle\network\admin\listener.ora
監聽器日志文件????????? d:\oracle\network\log\listener.log
監聽端點概要...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC0ipc)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=8080))(Presentation=HTTP)
(Session=RAW))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=leiz)(PORT=2100))(Presentation=FTP)(
Session=RAW))
服務摘要..
服務 "PLSExtProc" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "PLSExtProc", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
服務 "leiz" 包含 2 個例程。
例程 "leiz", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
例程 "leiz", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...?? 服務 "leizXDB" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "leiz", 狀態 READY, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
命令執行成功
LSNRCTL> status listener3?? 正在連接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1522)))
LISTENER 的 STATUS
------------------------
別名????????????????????? LISTENER3?? 版本????????????????????? TNSLSNR for 32-bit Windows: Version 9.2.0.1.0 - Produc
tion
啟動日期????????????????? 08-6月 -2009 09:17:22
正常運行時間????????????? 4 天 0 小時 25 分 32 秒
跟蹤級別????????????????? off
安全性??????????????????? OFF
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
監聽器參數文件????????? d:\oracle\network\admin\listener.ora
監聽器日志文件????????? d:\oracle\network\log\listener3.log
監聽端點概要...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.16.15.99)(PORT=1522)))
服務摘要..
服務 "PLSExtProc" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "PLSExtProc", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...
服務 "leiz" 包含 1 個例程。
例程 "leiz", 狀態 UNKNOWN, 包含此服務的 1 個處理程序...?? 命令執行成功
3. 一個節點不可以同時啟動同樣 IPC keys 或者同樣 listener port number的listener
即Verify IPC addresses or TCP port numbers are not duplicated
a. 一個節點可以啟動多個不同端口的listener?? e.g.
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER_1522 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
LISTENER_1521 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER_1522 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = devdb1)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)?????? 一個節點可以啟動多個不同端口的listener
LSNRCTL> start listener_1521
LSNRCTL> start listener_1522
LSNRCTL> status listener_1521?????????? Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias????????????????????listener_1521?????????? Version?????????????????? TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date??????????????? 17-JUN-2009 21:41:39
Uptime??????????????????? 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 0 sec
Trace Level?????????????? off
Security????????????????? ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
Listener Parameter File?? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File???????? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1521.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "+ASM_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "+ASM1", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "devdb" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "devdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "devdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "devdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "devdb_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "devdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> status listener_1522?????????? Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias???????????????????? listener_1522?????????? Version?????????????????? TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date??????????????? 17-JUN-2009 21:41:48
Uptime??????????????????? 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 55 sec
Trace Level?????????????? off
Security????????????????? ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
Listener Parameter File?? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File???????? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1522.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "devdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "devdb1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> stop listener_1521
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> stop listener_1522
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
The command completed successfully
b. 一個節點不可以同時啟動同樣 listener port number的listener??????????e.g.
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER_1522 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
LISTENER_1521 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1522))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER_1522 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = devdb1)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)???????????? 一個節點不可以同時啟動同樣 listener port number的listener
LSNRCTL> start listener_1521???????????? Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1521.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias???????????????????? listener_1521
Version?????????????????? TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date??????????????? 17-JUN-2009 21:46:12
Uptime??????????????????? 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level?????????????? off
Security????????????????? ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
Listener Parameter File?? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File???????? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1521.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> start listener_1522???????????? TNS-01106: Listener using listener name listener_1521 has already been started
c.一個節點不可以同時啟動同樣 IPC keys 的listener???????????? e.g.
[oracle@rac1 admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER_1522 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1522))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))
)
)
LISTENER_1521 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1.domain.com)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER_1522 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = devdb1)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
)
)???????????? 一個節點不可以同時啟動同樣 IPC keys 的listener
LSNRCTL> start listener_1522???????????? Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1522.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias???????????????????? listener_1522
Version?????????????????? TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date??????????????? 17-JUN-2009 22:09:40
Uptime??????????????????? 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level?????????????? off
Security????????????????? ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP????????????????????? OFF
Listener Parameter File?? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File???????? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1522.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1522)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "devdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "devdb1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> start listener_1521???????????? Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener_1521.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rac1.domain.com)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
TNS-12542: TNS:address already in use
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00512: Address already in use
Linux Error: 98: Address already in use
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
Symptoms
There are two or more oracle instances in two seperate oracle homes. Both listeners need to run concurrently. When starting a second listener, a TNS-01106 "Listener using listener name %s has already been started" error is received.
Cause
A second listener process attempted to start with the same IPC key, port address as that of an listener already running.
Solution
Verify IPC addresses or TCP port numbers are not duplicated
#listener.ora file for the first listener
LISTENER =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= IPC)(KEY= ORCL))
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= IPC)(KEY= PNPKEY))
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= TCP)(Host= jumbo)(Port= 1521))
)
#listener.ora file for the second listener
LISTENER =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= IPC)(KEY= ORCL))
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= IPC)(KEY= PNPKEY))
(ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= TCP)(Host= jumbo)(Port= 1521))
)
The listener.ora file for the 2nd listener example must have different IPC keys from the first listener.ora file and the port number for the TCP address must be different between any other listener definitions.Implement the changes and restart the listeners
參考文獻:
1.Subject:? TNS-01106: "Listener using listener name %s has already been started"
Doc ID:? 102430.1 Type:? PROBLEM
Modified Date :? 22-JAN-2008 Status:? PUBLISHED