Django用戶注冊、登錄、注銷（一）

使用Django自帶的用戶認證系統編寫認證、登錄、注銷基本功能

功能：

使用Django默認的User表

1）注冊

　　判斷是否已存在此用戶，存在的話提示報錯“用戶已存在”；

　　判斷兩次輸入的密碼是否一致，不一致的話提示報錯“密碼不一致”。

　實現報錯提示的方式有兩種：

　　第一種：在form表單中使用clean_函數進行定義判斷函數，在views中進行的is_valid（）判斷時進行校驗，并獲取錯誤傳送到模板中顯示在前端。

　　第二種：直接在views視圖中判斷

2）登錄

　　登錄成功，跳轉到主頁index；

　　登錄不成功，初始化登錄頁面；

　　跳轉到注冊頁面。

3）主頁

　　直接訪問主頁，用戶沒有登錄的話跳轉到登錄頁面；　

　　用戶已登錄顯示用戶登錄名。

4）注銷

　　清除登錄的session，退出登錄

項目目錄結構：

mysite/setting設置

注冊應用：

更改時區和語言設置

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url,include
urlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),url(r'^djauth/',include('djauth.urls',namespace='djauth')),]

from django.urls import re_path
from . import views
app_name='djauth'
urlpatterns=[re_path(r'^$',views.index),re_path(r'register/$',views.register,name="register"),re_path(r'login/$',views.login_view,name="login"),re_path(r'logout/$',views.logout_view,name="logout"),
]

from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class login_form(forms.Form):username=forms.CharField(max_length=30)password=forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)class register_form(forms.Form):username=forms.CharField(max_length=30,label="姓名")email=forms.EmailField()password=forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput,min_length=3,label="密碼")password_re=forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput,min_length=3,label="確認密碼")#第一種報錯方式，使用form表單，views中捕捉##clean_字段,,在視圖views使用is_valid時自動嚴重表單字段的有效性# def clean_username(self):#     cd=self.cleaned_data#     user=User.objects.filter(username=cd['username'])#     if user:#         raise forms.ValidationError('用戶已存在')#     return cd['username']# def clean_password_re(self):#     cd=self.cleaned_data#     if cd['password']!=cd['password_re']:#         raise forms.ValidationError("密碼不一致")#     return cd['password_re']

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,reverse
from django.http import HttpResponse
import time
from django.contrib import auth
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from . import forms#訪問index首頁前先判斷用戶是否登錄，沒有登錄的話需要跳轉到login登錄
#實現方式一：判斷request.user.is_authenticated
# def index(request):
#     #驗證用戶是否登錄成功
#     if  request.user.is_authenticated:
#         # request.user.username；；獲取登錄用戶名
#         print("UserAuth:",request.user.username)
#         return render(request,"djauth/index.html")
#     else:
#         return redirect("/djauth/login/")
#實現方式二：使用@login_required裝飾器
#login_required裝飾器會先判斷用戶是否登錄，如果沒有登錄則自動跳轉到login_url路徑，
#默認跳轉路徑是/accounts/login/，并在登錄后跳轉到原先的請求路徑；如請求路徑/djauth、，
#默認跳轉路徑為/accounts/login/?next=/djauth/#示例：
#沒有login_url
#[13/Dec/2018 14:40:16] "GET /djauth/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
#302跳轉
#[13/Dec/2018 14:40:16] "GET /accounts/login/?next=/djauth/ HTTP/1.1"
#指定loging_url
#[13/Dec/2018 14:41:31] "GET /djauth/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
#[13/Dec/2018 14:41:32] "GET /djauth/login/?next=/djauth/ HTTP/1.1" 200 725
#[13/Dec/2018 14:42:35] "POST /djauth/login/?next=/djauth/ HTTP/1.1" 302 0
#302登錄成功后自動跳轉
#[13/Dec/2018 14:42:35] "GET /djauth/ HTTP/1.1" 200 263
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
@login_required(login_url="/djauth/login/")
def index(request):return render(request,"djauth/index.html")def register(request):errors=[]if request.method=='POST':#初始化表單RegisterForm=forms.register_form(request.POST)#驗證表單的輸入是否有效，格式是否正確if RegisterForm.is_valid():# 第一種報錯方式，捕捉form表單的報錯##獲取表單有效的值# Register=RegisterForm.cleaned_data##創建用戶# user=User.objects.create_user(username=Register['username'],#                               password=Register['password'],#                               email=Register['email']#                               )##保存# user.save()# return HttpResponse("注冊成功")##獲取form表單clean函數中raise的錯誤#errors=RegisterForm.errors#第二種報錯方式，直接在views中判斷Register=RegisterForm.cleaned_data#判斷用戶是否存在user_exist=User.objects.filter(username=Register['username']).exists()if user_exist:errors.append("用戶已存在")if Register['password']!=Register['password_re']:errors.append("密碼不一致")else:user=User.objects.create_user(username=Register['username'],password=Register['password'],email=Register['email'])user.save()return HttpResponse("注冊成功")#初始化表單RegisterForm=forms.register_form()return render(request,"djauth/register.html",{"RegisterForm":RegisterForm,"errors":errors})def login_view(request):error=[]curtime=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime())if request.method=='POST':LoginForm=forms.login_form(request.POST)if LoginForm.is_valid():Account=LoginForm.cleaned_data#驗證User表中用戶的賬號密碼是否正確，驗證通過，返回用戶名，不通過，返回Noneuser=auth.authenticate(username=Account['username'],password=Account['password'])if user is not None:#判斷賬戶是否活躍if user.is_active:auth.login(request,user)return redirect("/djauth/")else:error.append("用戶無效")else:error.append("賬號或密碼錯誤")else:LoginForm=forms.login_form()return render(request,'djauth/login.html',{"LoginForm":LoginForm,"curtime":curtime,"error":error})def logout_view(request):#清除session，登出
    auth.logout(request)return redirect("/djauth/login")

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>{% block title %}{% endblock %}</title>
</head>
<body>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首頁</h1>
<!--獲取登錄用戶名:request.user.username或user.username-->
{% if request.user.is_authenticated %}{{ user.username }}
{% endif %}<p><a href="{% url 'djauth:logout' %}">退出</a></p>
</body>
</html>

{% extends "djauth/base.html" %}{% block title %}
Login Page
{% endblock %}{% block content %}
<h1>Login Page</h1>{% if error %}{{ error }}{% endif %}<p>時間:{{ curtime }}</p><form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %}{{ LoginForm.as_p }}<input type="submit" value="Login"></form><p>沒有賬號？點擊<a href="{% url 'djauth:register' %}">注冊</a></p>
{% endblock %}

{% extends "djauth/base.html" %}
{% block title %}
Register Page
{% endblock %}{% block content %}
<h1>Register Page</h1>{% if errors %}<p>{{ errors }}</p>{% endif %}<form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %}{% for foo in RegisterForm %}<p>{{ foo.label_tag }}{{ foo }} {{ errors.foo }}</p>{% endfor %}<input type="submit" value="注冊"></form>
{% endblock %}

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