如何在不支付Adobe Photoshop費用的情況下處理Camera Raw

You might think that you need expensive software to take advantage of Camera RAW—something like Photoshop or the more modestly priced Lightroom. Fortunately there is freeware that can help you achieve professional results without professional costs.

您可能會認為您需要昂貴的軟件才能利用Camera RAW(例如Photoshop或更便宜的Lightroom)。幸運的是，有免費軟件可以幫助您獲得專業成果，而無需支付專業費用。

Shooting in JPG can be very limiting, so Camera RAW formats can give you superior images, as long as you can process (or develop) your images. Adobe has great tools for developing camera RAW, but, as we know, Adobe products are expensive and sometimes cost prohibitive. Read on to see a great Freeware option, with a simple How-To describing how to properly use it.

使用JPG拍攝可能會受到很大限制，因此，只要您可以處理(或顯影)圖像，Camera RAW格式就可以為您提供出色的圖像。 Adobe具有用于開發相機RAW的強大工具，但是，眾所周知，Adobe產品價格昂貴，有時價格過高。請繼續閱讀以查看出色的“免費軟件”選項，其中包含一個簡單的“如何操作”說明如何正確使用它。

在Camera RAW上刷新 (Refreshing on Camera RAW)

Camera RAW, which is more of a collection of proprietary filetypes than a single filetype, can be thought of as a digital negative. How-To Geek has already done a more thorough explanation of Camera RAW earlier this month, if you care to learn more. However, the thing to keep in mind is that RAW is not simply an image file, but rather RAW image data that needs processing. This is a good thing—because shooting in JPG makes decisions for you that can’t be changed. So that’s what we’re setting out to do… make those changes in our RAW file with free software.

Camera RAW比單個文件類型更多地是專有文件類型的集合，可以被認為是數字負片。如果您想了解更多信息，本月早些時候，How-To Geek已經對Camera RAW進行了更詳盡的解釋。但是，請記住，RAW不僅僅是圖像文件，而是需要處理的RAW圖像數據。這是一件好事-因為使用JPG拍攝會為您做出無法更改的決定。這就是我們要要做的……使用免費軟件在RAW文件中進行這些更改。

Raw Therapee是一個免費的RAW編輯器 (Raw Therapee is a Freeware RAW Editor)

Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Windows
下載適用于Windows的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Linux (tgz)
下載適用于Linux的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1(tgz)

The most current version is of Raw Therapee is 2.4.1, and even though it is several years old, it is still an excellent solution for the budget-minded photographer. A newer version is still in the works, as of January 2011, with source code available for compiling unstable versions for Windows, OS X, and Linux.

最新版本是Raw Therapee，是2.4.1，盡管它已有數年歷史，但對于預算有限的攝影師來說，仍然是一個出色的解決方案。截至2011年1月，仍在開發新版本，其源代碼可用于編譯Windows，OS X和Linux的不穩定版本。

Unless you are very adventurous, you’ll want to download the older version and simply keep an eye on http://www.rawtherapee.com for version 3.0.

除非您非常喜歡冒險，否則您將需要下載舊版本并只需關注http://www.rawtherapee.com以獲得3.0版。

處理相機RAW圖像 (Processing Camera RAW Images)

Raw Therapee looks like this upon opening. In order to begin processing our RAW photographs, we’ll have to navigate to find them, using the file tree on the bottom left.

原始治療者在打開時看起來像這樣。為了開始處理RAW照片，我們必須使用左下方的文件樹進行導航以找到它們。

This is simple enough. Find this area on the bottom left and navigate to where which drive your RAW photographs are kept on. Double click your folder to bring up your images in the strip below.

這很簡單。在左下角找到該區域，然后導航到將RAW照片保留在哪個驅動器上。雙擊您的文件夾以在下面的小條中顯示您的圖像。

All images in the folder will display in a strip, giving you the ability to browse for the file you want to develop.

文件夾中的所有圖像都將顯示在條中，使您能夠瀏覽要開發的文件。

Right clicking your image will give you this contextual menu. Click “open” to begin processing your RAW file.

右鍵單擊圖像將為您提供此上下文菜單。單擊“打開”開始處理您的RAW文件。

Your image loads in the center preview window. Let’s take a quick tour around this window to see what Raw Therapee offers us.

您的圖像會加載到中央預覽窗口中。讓我們快速瀏覽此窗口，以查看Raw Therapee為我們提供的服務。

定位原始治療工具 (Locating the Tools of Raw Therapee)

Scale: Zoom into your image here. Because the Detail area to the right looks very similar, you’ll want to look here to zoom in and out of your image.

縮放：在此處放大圖像。由于右側的“細節”區域看起來非常相似，因此您需要在此處查看以放大和縮小圖像。

Histogram: A visual representation of the value distribution of your currently loaded image. This histogram corresponds to the earlier image of the “Private Property” sign. The bottom axis corresponds to a value scale, with the leftmost part representing 100% black, and the rightmost part representing 100% white. The vertical axis represents the concentration of the corresponding value. What we can see from this, is that this image is mostly full off gray, as the RGB values are all similar, and are also concentrated into the same general area, a small distance away from pure white. Looking at the loaded image, we can see that is a fair representation of that image.

直方圖：當前加載圖像的值分布的直觀表示。該直方圖對應于“私有屬性”符號的較早圖像。底軸對應于值刻度，最左邊的部分代表100％黑色，最右邊的部分代表100％白色。縱軸表示相應值的濃度。從中我們可以看到，由于RGB值都相似，因此該圖像大部分是灰色的，并且也集中在相同的常規區域中，與純白色相距很小的距離。查看加載的圖像，我們可以看到它是該圖像的合理表示。

Postprocessing Profiles: Editing a RAW photograph can be difficult work. Once you’ve spent the time meticulously adjusting the image temperature and exposure, you’ll want to save your settings here and apply them to every picture you took under similar conditions.

后處理配置文件：編輯RAW照片可能很困難。一旦花費了時間精心調整圖像溫度和曝光度，您將想要在此處保存設置，并將其應用于在類似條件下拍攝的每張照片。

RAW Processing Tools: This is the main event, with almost all of your important tools buried here. This area, located on the far right of the application, will allow you to fine tune your Camera RAW photographs with ease. Let’s dive in and tweak that photo.

RAW處理工具：這是主要事件，幾乎所有重要工具都埋在這里。該區域位于應用程序的最右側，可讓您輕松微調Camera RAW照片。讓我們潛入并調整照片。

設置白平衡，又稱圖像溫度 (Setting White Balance, AKA Image Temperature)

Cameras have to be set to capture color based on the quality of light that is hitting your lens, and this setting is called White Balance. Some lights are cool, others are warm, and this is sensibly called Temperature. You can learn more about it in other How-To Geek Articles, or simply take play with your settings until you find the temperature setting appropriate for the light you shot your images in.

必須將相機設置為根據入射到鏡頭的光的質量來捕獲顏色，該設置稱為“白平衡” 。有些燈光很酷，有些燈光很暖，這被合理地稱為溫度。您可以在其他“ How-To Geek”文章中了解有關它的更多信息，或者簡單地進行設置，直到找到適合您所拍攝圖像的光線的溫度設置。

Most likely your camera will choose an “Auto” white balance if you are shooting RAW. Let’s adjust it to improve our image quality.

如果您正在拍攝RAW，則相機很可能會選擇“自動”白平衡。讓我們對其進行調整以提高圖像質量。

Locate the “Color” tab, temporarily ignoring “Exposure.”

找到“顏色”標簽，暫時忽略“曝光”。

A temperature of 5000K is what is considered “Natural Daylight.” As these shots were taken outdoors, 5000 is a decent setting to start with. Less than 5000 will be cooler, over will be warmer. Adjust this according to the environment you shot your photographs in.

5000K的溫度被稱為“自然日光”。由于這些照片是在戶外拍攝的，因此從5000開始是一個不錯的設置。少于5000會更涼，超過會更熱。 根據您拍攝照片的環境進行調整。

Our image is a normal hue again, although it can be adjusted to lean a little cooler, considering the content of the image.

盡管考慮到圖像的內容，可以將其調整為稍微偏冷，但圖像還是正常的。

調整原始被治療者的暴露 (Adjusting Exposure in Raw Therapee)

Return to your “Exposure” Tab in your right hand panel.

返回右側面板中的“曝光”標簽。

Adjust your values here as you see fit—each one will affect your image in drastically different ways.

在您認為合適時在此處調整您的值-每個值都會以完全不同的方式影響您的圖像。

Apart from looking at your image as you adjust it, checking your Histogram as you adjust can ensure that you get the richest possible results. The first histogram is an “enhanced” version of this image, while the second and third are poor versions. The second is too dark, the third too light. Your goal is usually to ensure good detail throughout your image, while giving yourself good value range through lights and darks.

除了在調整圖像時查看圖像之外，在調整圖像時檢查直方圖可以確保獲得最豐富的結果。第一個直方圖是此圖像的“增強”版本，而第二個和第三個直方圖是較差的版本。第二個太暗，第三個太亮。您的目標通常是確保整個圖像都具有良好的細節，同時通過光線和黑暗來給自己提供良好的價值范圍。

While every part of this process is subjective, you are given the tools to develop your image for the best result possible. Achieving detail in both highlight and shadow areas is a good goal, although you may choose to stylize your image by making either more harsh.

盡管此過程的每個部分都是主觀的，但是您將獲得開發圖像的工具，以獲得最佳效果。在高光和陰影區域都實現細節是一個不錯的目標，盡管您可以選擇使圖像更加粗糙，從而使圖像風格化。

If you’re not sick of tweaking your highlights and darks, there are additional tools for even more control over highlights and shadows. You’ll find them underneath “Shadows/Highlights” on your toolbar on the right. They are fairly straightforward, and will give you good results if you use them after first tweaking your exposure. “Luminance Curve” is also available for an even further level of tweaking.

如果您不討厭調整高光和暗度，則可以使用其他工具來更好地控制高光和暗度。您會在右側工具欄的“陰影/高光”下方找到它們。它們相當簡單，如果您在第一次調整曝光后使用它們，將會為您帶來良好的效果。 “亮度曲線”也可用于進一步的調整。

If you are satisfied with your image after any level of adjustment, you may stop. It is possible to overdo your tweaks to images.

如果您對圖像進行了任何程度的調整后都滿意，則可以停止。可能會過度調整圖像。

完成圖像處理 (Complete Your Image Processing)

When you are pleased with your image and feel it is complete, you can always use the “Save As” button on the right to save your results as a JPG or PNG to use in other programs. However, let’s apply our hard work to our image before closing up shop.

當您對圖像感到滿意并感覺到圖像完整時，可以隨時使用右側的“另存為”按鈕將結果另存為JPG或PNG，以便在其他程序中使用。但是，讓我們在關閉店鋪之前將我們的辛勤工作應用到我們的形象上。

You’ll need to find the gear icon above to find the processing panel. Click it to switch to the processing queue view.

您需要在上方找到齒輪圖標才能找到處理面板。單擊它以切換到處理隊列視圖。

Click “Start Processing” to render your image. When it is finished, you won’t get any weird errors about unprocessed images, and you can close the program normally. You will still be able to re-adjust your image from your original RAW settings, or even use a new profile for a whole new look.

單擊“開始處理”以渲染圖像。完成后，您將不會收到有關未處理圖像的任何奇怪錯誤，并且可以正常關閉程序。您仍然可以通過原始RAW設置重新調整圖像，甚至可以使用新的配置文件獲得全新外觀。

Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Windows
下載適用于Windows的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Linux (tgz)
下載適用于Linux的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1(tgz)

Have questions or comments concerning Graphics, Photos, Filetypes, or Photoshop? Send your questions to

對圖形，照片，文件類型或Photoshop有疑問或意見嗎？將您的問題發送到ericgoodnight@howtogeek.com, and they may be featured in a future How-To Geek Graphics article. ericgoodnight@howtogeek.com ，它們可能會在以后的How-To Geek Graphics文章中介紹。

Image Credit: Negative by ollycoffey, available under Creative Commons. All Other Images copyright the author, Eric Z Goodnight and Brad Goodnight.

圖片來源： ollycoffey的負面圖片，可在“知識共享”下找到。 所有其他圖像的作者均為Eric Z Goodnight和Brad Goodnight。