Gestalt Theory is the theory of visual perception and how our brain pieces together reality. The theory sheds light on how cognition factors into the way viewers read a piece of design. In the German language “Gestalt” means form or shape. According to Gestalt Theory, an organized whole is not the same as the sum of its parts.

格式塔理論是一種視覺感知理論，也是我們的大腦如何將現實拼湊在一起的理論。 該理論揭示了認知因素如何影響觀看者閱讀設計的方式。 在德語中，“格式塔”是指形狀或形狀。 根據格式塔理論，一個有組織的整體與其部分的總和并不相同。

Elements of Gestalt Theory: Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure, Figure/ Ground, and Pr?gnanz.

格式塔理論的要素：接近性，相似性，連續性，閉合性，圖形/地面和Pr?gnanz。

Proximity: Objects are grouped together according to their distance from one another.

接近度：對象根據彼此之間的距離分組在一起。

In this example items that are close together appear to be more related than items that are spaced apart.

在此示例中，靠近的項目似乎比隔開的項目更相關。

Similarity: Objects, perceived by the user to be similar, group together.

相似性：用戶感知為相似的對象組合在一起。

In this example visual nomenclature helps the user identify items that are similar or different.

在此示例中，視覺術語有助于用戶識別相似或不同的項目。

Continuity: Visual perception groups continuous forms.

連續性：視覺感知將連續形式分組。

In this example continuity occurs when the user is guided to move from one object to another.

在該示例中，當引導用戶從一個對象移動到另一對象時，發生連續性。

Closure: Visual perception unconsciously completes incomplete objects.

封閉：視覺感知會無意識地完成不完整的對象。

Closure is at the heart of Gestalt psychology: our minds create something coherent from parts that are objectively incoherent. My favorite example, the moving dots look like a dog.

封閉是格式塔心理學的核心：我們的思想從客觀上不連貫的部分中創造出連貫的東西。 我最喜歡的示例是，移動的點看起來像狗。

Figure/ground: The separation between figure (foreground) and ground (background).

圖形/地面：圖形(前景)與地面(背景)之間的分隔。

Things get interesting when designers create compositions that cause our brains to flip back and forth between the figure and ground. In this example the figure is a vase and the ground contains two faces.

當設計師創造出使我們的大腦在圖形和地面之間來回翻轉的構圖時，事情就會變得很有趣。 在此示例中，該圖是一個花瓶，地面上有兩個面。

Pr?gnanz: We tend to reduce reality to its simplest form.

Pr?gnanz：我們傾向于將現實簡化為最簡單的形式。

When we see complex shapes in a design, the eye simplifies these by transforming them into a single, unified shape (by removing detail from these shapes).

當我們在設計中看到復雜的形狀時，眼睛會通過將它們轉換為單個統一的形狀(通過從這些形狀中刪除細節)來簡化它們。

We can use Pr?gnanz to when wireframing a website. Our eyes assemble the extraneous details of content blocks into a single webpage.

在對網站進行線框構建時，我們可以使用Pr?gnanz。 我們的目光將內容塊的多余細節組合到一個網頁中。