TCP與UDP的區別
4、TCP保證數據正確性,UDP可能丟包
5、TCP保證數據順序,UDP不保證
具體編程時的區別
UDP:在sendto/recvfrom函數中每次均 需指定地址信息 UDP:shutdown函數無效
部分滿足以下幾點要求時,應該采用UDP 面向數據報方式
???面向連接的TCP的流方式
服務器程序流程(多進程):
客戶端程序流程:
服務器代碼
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#define MYPORT 3490????????????????
#define BACKLOG 10????????????????
void main() {
int sockfd, new_fd;????????????
struct sockaddr_in sa;???//本機地址?????
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;//遠程地址
int sin_size;
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
sa.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);????????
sa.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;????
bzero(&(sa.sin_zero), 8);????????????
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) == -1) {
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
if (listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1) {
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
?
while(1) {
sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size))
if (new_fd == -1) {
perror("accept");
continue;
}
printf(”Got connection from %sn", inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));
if (fork() == 0) {
?
if (send(new_fd, "Hello, world! n", 14, 0) == -1)
perror("send");
close(new_fd);
exit(0);
}
close(new_fd);
?
while(waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG) > 0);
}
}
?
?
客戶端代碼
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define PORT 3490
#define MAXDATASIZE 100
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd, numbytes;
char buf[MAXDATASIZE];
struct hostent *he;
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;//服務器地址
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr,"usage: client hostnamen");
exit(1);
}
?
if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {
?
herror("gethostbyname");
exit(1);
}
if ((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero), 8);
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
if ((numbytes=recv(sockfd,buf,MAXDATASIZE,0))==-1) {
perror("recv");
exit(1);
}
buf[numbytes] = '';
printf("Received: %s",buf);
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
?
?
服務器程序流程(單進程):
客戶端程序流程:
UDP方式下服務器與客戶端程序差別不大,僅第三步不同。
?
服務器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#define MYPORT 3490
void main()
{
int sockfd;
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;
int sin_size, retval;
char buf[128];
if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8);
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(my_addr)) == -1) {
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
?
while(1) {
retval = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, 128, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size);//獲取遠程主機的報文,并解析
printf("Received datagram from %sn",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));
if (retval == 0) {
perror (“recvfrom");
close(sockfd);
break;
}
retval = sendto(sockfd, buf, 128, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sin_size);
}
}
?
客戶端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define PORT 3490
#define MAXDATASIZE 100
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd, numbytes, sin_size;
char buf[MAXDATASIZE] = “Hello, world!”;
struct hostent *he; //
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;//服務器地址
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr,"usage: client hostnamen");
exit(1);
}
?
if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {
herror("gethostbyname");
exit(1);
}
if ((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0))==-1) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero), 8);
numbytes = sendto(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,sizeof(their_addr));//向服務器發送任一報文
if (numbytes == -1) {
perror(“sendto");
exit(1);
}
printf(“Send: %s",buf);
numbytes = recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &sin_size);
if (numbytes == -1) {
perror("recvfrom");
exit(1);
}
buf[numbytes] = '';
printf("Received: %s",buf);
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}