15 調試

1. pdb

pdb是基于命令行的調試工具，非常類似gnu的gdb（調試c/c++）。

def getAverage(a,b):result = a+bprint("result is %s"%result)return resulta = 10
b = 20
c = a+b
ret = getAverage(a,b)
print(ret)

?

?

2.執行時調試

程序啟動，停止在第一行等待單步調試。

python -m pdb some.py

?　　　　

?

?

(Pdb) l          #list顯示當前的代碼1  ->    def getAverage(a,b):2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6      a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9      ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF]
(Pdb) n              #next 向下執行1行代碼
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(6)<module>()
-> a = 10
(Pdb) l1      def getAverage(a,b):2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6  ->    a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9      ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF]
(Pdb) c           #繼續執行代碼
result is 30
30
The program finished and will be restarted
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(1)<module>()
-> def getAverage(a,b):
(Pdb) l1  ->    def getAverage(a,b):2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6      a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9      ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF]
(Pdb) n
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(6)<module>()
-> a = 10
(Pdb) l1      def getAverage(a,b):2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6  ->    a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9      ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF](Pdb) b 9             #第9行添加斷點
Breakpoint 1 at /home/python/python06/01-調試.py:9(Pdb) n
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(7)<module>()
-> b = 20
(Pdb) l2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6      a = 107  ->    b = 208      c = a+b9 B    ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF]
(Pdb) c             
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(9)<module>()
-> ret = getAverage(a,b)
(Pdb) l4          return result5      6      a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9 B->    ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF](Pdb) p a
10
(Pdb) s
--Call--
> /home/python/python06/01-調試.py(1)getAverage()
-> def getAverage(a,b):
(Pdb) l1  ->    def getAverage(a,b):2          result = a+b3          print("result is %s"%result)4          return result5      6      a = 107      b = 208      c = a+b9 B    ret = getAverage(a,b)10      print(ret)
[EOF]
(Pdb) a
a = 10
b = 20
(Pdb) q      #退出調試

?

3.交互調試

進入python或ipython解釋器

import pdb
pdb.run('testfun(args)') #此時會打開pdb調試，注意：先使用s跳轉到這個testfun函數中，然后就可以使用l看到代碼了

?

?

4.程序里埋點

當程序執行到pdb.set_trace() 位置時停下來調試

代碼上下文

...import pdb 
pdb.set_trace() ...

?

?

5.日志調試

?　　大公司只能用日志調試

6.集成開發環境IDE

?