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# 創建一個 Master 節點
$ kubeadm init# 將一個 Node 節點加入到當前集群中
$ kubeadm join <Master節點的IP和端口 >

1. 安裝要求

在開始之前，部署Kubernetes集群機器需要滿足以下幾個條件：

• 一臺或多臺機器，操作系統 CentOS7.x-86_x64
• 硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2個CPU或更多CPU，硬盤30GB或更多
• 可以訪問外網，需要拉取鏡像，如果服務器不能上網，需要提前下載鏡像并導入節點
• 禁止swap分區

2. 準備環境

# 關閉防火墻
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld# 關閉selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config  # 永久
setenforce 0  # 臨時# 關閉swap
swapoff -a  # 臨時
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab    # 永久# 根據規劃設置主機名
hostnamectl set-hostname <hostname># 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.44.158    master.k8s.io   k8s-vip
192.168.44.155    master01.k8s.io master1
192.168.44.156    master02.k8s.io master2
192.168.44.157    node01.k8s.io   node1
EOF# 將橋接的IPv4流量傳遞到iptables的鏈
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system  # 生效# 時間同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com

3. 所有master節點部署keepalived

3.1 安裝相關包和keepalived

yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdlyum install -y keepalived

3.2配置master節點

master1節點配置

cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF 
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id k8s
}vrrp_script check_haproxy {script "killall -0 haproxy"interval 3weight -2fall 10rise 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state MASTER interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51priority 250advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.44.158}track_script {check_haproxy}}
EOF

master2節點配置

cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF 
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {router_id k8s
}vrrp_script check_haproxy {script "killall -0 haproxy"interval 3weight -2fall 10rise 2
}vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUP interface ens33 virtual_router_id 51priority 200advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.44.158}track_script {check_haproxy}}
EOF

3.3 啟動和檢查

在兩臺master節點都執行

# 啟動keepalived
$ systemctl start keepalived.service
設置開機啟動
$ systemctl enable keepalived.service
# 查看啟動狀態
$ systemctl status keepalived.service

啟動后查看master1的網卡信息

ip a s ens33

4. 部署haproxy

4.1 安裝

yum install -y haproxy

4.2 配置

兩臺master節點的配置均相同，配置中聲明了后端代理的兩個master節點服務器，指定了haproxy運行的端口為16443等，因此16443端口為集群的入口

cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will# need to:# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done#    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in#    /etc/sysconfig/syslog# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log#   file. A line like the following can be added to#   /etc/sysconfig/syslog##    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log#log         127.0.0.1 local2chroot      /var/lib/haproxypidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pidmaxconn     4000user        haproxygroup       haproxydaemon # turn on stats unix socketstats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------  
defaultsmode                    httplog                     globaloption                  httplogoption                  dontlognulloption http-server-closeoption forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8option                  redispatchretries                 3timeout http-request    10stimeout queue           1mtimeout connect         10stimeout client          1mtimeout server          1mtimeout http-keep-alive 10stimeout check           10smaxconn                 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
frontend kubernetes-apiservermode                 tcpbind                 *:16443option               tcplogdefault_backend      kubernetes-apiserver    
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiservermode        tcpbalance     roundrobinserver      master01.k8s.io   192.168.44.155:6443 checkserver      master02.k8s.io   192.168.44.156:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen statsbind                 *:1080stats auth           admin:awesomePasswordstats refresh        5sstats realm          HAProxy\ Statisticsstats uri            /admin?stats
EOF

4.3 啟動和檢查

兩臺master都啟動

# 設置開機啟動
$ systemctl enable haproxy
# 開啟haproxy
$ systemctl start haproxy
# 查看啟動狀態
$ systemctl status haproxy

檢查端口

netstat -lntup|grep haproxy

5. 所有節點安裝Docker/kubeadm/kubelet

Kubernetes默認CRI（容器運行時）為Docker，因此先安裝Docker。

5.1 安裝Docker

$ wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
$ yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
$ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
$ docker --version
Docker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a

$ cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

5.2 添加阿里云YUM軟件源

$ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

5.3 安裝kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

由于版本更新頻繁，這里指定版本號部署：

$ yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3
$ systemctl enable kubelet

6. 部署Kubernetes Master

6.1 創建kubeadm配置文件

在具有vip的master上操作，這里為master1

$ mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests -p$ cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/$ vi kubeadm-config.yamlapiServer:certSANs:- master1- master2- master.k8s.io- 192.168.44.158- 192.168.44.155- 192.168.44.156- 127.0.0.1extraArgs:authorization-mode: Node,RBACtimeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443"
controllerManager: {}
dns: type: CoreDNS
etcd:local:    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.16.3
networking: dnsDomain: cluster.local  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16
scheduler: {}

6.2 在master1節點執行

$ kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml

按照提示配置環境變量，使用kubectl工具：

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
$ kubectl get nodes
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system

按照提示保存以下內容，一會要使用：

kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 \--control-plane 

查看集群狀態

kubectl get cskubectl get pods -n kube-system

7.安裝集群網絡

從官方地址獲取到flannel的yaml，在master1上執行

mkdir flannel
cd flannel
wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

安裝flannel網絡

kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml 

檢查

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

8、master2節點加入集群

8.1 復制密鑰及相關文件

從master1復制密鑰及相關文件到master2

# ssh root@192.168.44.156 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd# scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes/pki# scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.44.156:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd

8.2 master2加入集群

執行在master1上init后輸出的join命令,需要帶上參數--control-plane表示把master控制節點加入集群

kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane

檢查狀態

kubectl get nodekubectl get pods --all-namespaces

5. 加入Kubernetes Node

在node1上執行

向集群添加新節點，執行在kubeadm init輸出的kubeadm join命令：

kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba

集群網絡重新安裝，因為添加了新的node節點

檢查狀態

kubectl get nodekubectl get pods --all-namespaces

7. 測試kubernetes集群

在Kubernetes集群中創建一個pod，驗證是否正常運行：

$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
$ kubectl get pod,svc

訪問地址：http://NodeIP:Port