pytest +uiautomator2+weditor app自動化從零開始

目錄結構1.0
在這里插入圖片描述
把設備連接單獨移出去了

模塊操作代碼，有一些流程操作和斷言方法

from devices import dv
from time import sleep
import random
from tool.jt import capture_screenshotdef initialization(func):def wrapper():sleep(1)dv.app_stop('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')sleep(2)func()return wrapper@initialization
def f1():'''1、打開賬號切換，點擊其他的賬號，點擊確認登錄，點擊取消'''dv(text='賬號切換').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/change_account_recycler"]/android.view.ViewGroup[2]').click()dv(text='確定').click()dv(text='取消').click()@initialization
def f2():'''2、點擊設置、點擊退出登錄、點擊取消'''dv(text='設置').click()dv(text='退出登錄').click()dv(text='取消').click()@initialization
def f3():'''3、點擊設置、點擊用戶協議，點擊返回，點擊隱私政策，點擊返回，再次點擊返回到個人中心主頁面'''dv(text='設置').click()dv(text='用戶協議').click()sleep(1.5)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/top_bar_back"]').click()dv(text='隱私政策').click()sleep(1.5)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/top_bar_back"]').click()sleep(1.5)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/top_bar_back"]').click()@initialization
def f4():'''4、點擊賬號關聯，點擊高德地圖綁定，點擊確定'''dv(text='賬號關聯').click()try:dv.xpath('//*[@content-desc="綁定高德地圖"]').click()except:dv.xpath('//*[@content-desc="綁定高德地圖"]').click()dv(text='確定').click()def f5():'''5、進入問題反饋，點擊開始錄音，5s內結束錄音，重新開始錄音，切換問題類別從第一個切到最后一個,然后提交,最后播放語音'''dv(text='問題反饋').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(4)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(1)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()for i in ['多媒體', '導航', '藍牙電話', '維保類', '設置', '其他']:dv(text=i).click()sleep(1)# 錄音秒數隨機sleep(random.randint(1, 80))dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()dv(text='提交').click()sleep(2)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/mine_feedback_recyclerview"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]').click()def run():while True:try:f1()f2()f3()f5()f4()except Exception as e:capture_screenshot(e)print(f'報錯了重新運行{e}')# 通過獲取文本來斷言
b = '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/mine_feedback_recyclerview"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.widget.TextView[1]'
a = dv.xpath(b).get_text()
print(a)# 通過判斷元素是否存在來斷言
c = dv.xpath('//*[@text="2023/11/30 15:49"]').exists
print(c)# 通過元素屬性是否發生變化來進行斷言
d = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_record_bar_time"]')
# 獲取語音條初始狀態的info信息
initial_info = d.info
d.click()
clicked_info = d.info
# 比較前后的info信息，找出差異數據
diff = {k: clicked_info[k] for k in clicked_info if clicked_info[k] != initial_info[k]}
print("前后的差異數據:", diff)
if len(diff) == 0:print('狀態未發生變化')
else:print('斷言成功')if __name__ == '__main__':while True:run()

目錄結構1.1
新增test_accountcenter.py編寫測試用例
新增run.py執行pytest
新增pytest.ini配置文件
在這里插入圖片描述
test_accountcenter.py
刪除了3個場景，留下2個場景，每個場景加了2種斷言方式f1(ex):f5(ex):，測試用例是test_zhanghao():test_luyin():，f1(ex):f5(ex):內部實現了斷言并且返回結果

from devices import dv
from time import sleep
import random
from tool.jt import capture_screenshot
def f1(ex):'''1、打開賬號切換，點擊其他的賬號，點擊確認登錄，點擊取消'''dv.app_stop('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv(text='賬號切換').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter:id/change_account_recycler"]/android.view.ViewGroup[2]').click()dv(text='確定').click()text= dv(text='請在互聯小程序確認登錄').get_text()if not dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter:id/loading_cancel"]').exists:return Falseass =ex==textreturn assdef f5(ex):'''5、進入問題反饋，點擊開始錄音，5s內結束錄音，重新開始錄音，切換問題類別從第一個切到最后一個,然后提交,最后播放語音'''dv.app_stop('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter')dv(text='問題反饋').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(4)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(1)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()lb=['多媒體', '導航', '藍牙電話', '維保類', '其他', '設置']for i in lb:dv(text=i).click()sleep(1)# 錄音秒數隨機sleep(random.randint(5, 10))dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()dv(text='提交').click()ass= '設置'==ex'''元素信息變化'''d = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_record_bar_time"]')# 獲取語音條初始狀態的info信息initial_info = d.infod.click()clicked_info = d.info# 比較前后的info信息，找出差異數據diff = {k: clicked_info[k] for k in clicked_info if clicked_info[k] != initial_info[k]}print("前后的差異數據:", diff)if len(diff) == 0:return Falsesleep(2)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/mine_feedback_recyclerview"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]').click()return assdef test_zhanghao():f1('請在互聯小程序確認登錄')assert Truedef test_luyin():assert f5('設置')run.py文件
運行文件，暫未配置參數
```python
import pytest
pytest.main([])

pytest.ini文件
配置了下報告的一些參數

[pytest]
addopts = -s --alluredir ./report/data

目錄結構1.2
新增斷言方法文件
在這里插入圖片描述
assertion.py文件
首先dw()判斷元素是否存在，不存在不需要進行后續操作，element_existence方法適用于斷言元素是否存在，element_info_existence方式適用于判斷元素在點擊后是否發生了屬性變化來斷言，element_text_existence適用于判斷元素文本和預期結果是否一致

from time import sleep
def dw(dv, element, positioning_method):''':param dv: 設備:param element: 定位元素:param positioning_method: 定位方式:return: 判定元素是否存在，存在則返回元素對象用于后續操作'''if positioning_method == 'xpath':if not dv.xpath(element).exists:print('斷言元素不存在，直接判定斷言失敗')return Falsereturn dv.xpath(element)if positioning_method == 'text':if not dv(text=element).exists:print('斷言元素不存在，直接判定斷言失敗')return Falsereturn dv(text=element)def element_existence(dv, element, positioning_method):''':param dv: 設備:param element: 定位元素:param positioning_method: 定位方式:return:通過元素是否存在來斷言'''element_ = dw(dv, element, positioning_method)if not element_:return Falsereturn Truedef element_info_existence(dv, element, positioning_method):''':param dv: 設備:param element: 定位元素:param positioning_method: 定位方式:return:通過元素屬性是否發生變化來斷言'''if not dw(dv, element, positioning_method):return Falseelse:el = dw(dv, element, positioning_method)initial_info = el.infoel.click()sleep(1)clicked_info = el.infodiff = {k: clicked_info[k] for k in clicked_info if clicked_info[k] != initial_info[k]}print(f'元素差異字段{diff}')if len(diff) == 0:print('元素屬性未發生變化，斷言失敗')return Falsereturn Truedef element_text_existence(dv, element, positioning_method, text):''':param dv: 設備:param element: 定位元素:param positioning_method: 定位方式:param text: 預期結果文本:return: 通過文本是否相等來斷言'''if not dw(dv, element, positioning_method):return Falseelse:el = dw(dv, element, positioning_method)el_text=el.get_text()if not text ==el_text :print(f'文本不匹配預期結果{text}，實際結果{el_text}')return Falseelse:return True

目錄結構1.3
新增case文件夾
case-fun 以每個模塊一個文件，里面包含多個場景操作，和場景斷言
case-test_case 以每個模塊一個文件，和fun文件夾文件一一對應，負責執行模塊的每個場景
在這里插入圖片描述
accountcenter.py文件

import random
from time import sleep
from tool.assertion import element_existence, element_info_existence, element_text_existencedef f1(dv):'''1、打開賬號切換，點擊其他的賬號，點擊確認登錄'''dv.app_stop('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter')dv(text='賬號切換').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter:id/change_account_recycler"]/android.view.ViewGroup[2]').click()dv(text='確定').click()'''斷言'''return element_existence(dv, '取消', 'text')def f2(dv):dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter')'''2、點擊設置、點擊退出登錄、點擊取消'''dv(text='設置').click()dv(text='退出登錄').click()dv(text='取消').click()return element_text_existence(dv, '退出登錄', 'text', '退出登錄')def f5(dv):'''5、進入問題反饋，點擊開始錄音，5s內結束錄音，重新開始錄音，切換問題類別從第一個切到最后一個,然后提交,最后播放語音'''dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter')dv(text='問題反饋').click()dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(2)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()sleep(1)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()lb = ['多媒體', '導航', '藍牙電話', '維保類', '其他', '設置']for i in lb:dv(text=i).click()sleep(1)# 錄音秒數隨機sleep(random.randint(5, 10))dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_start_record"]').click()dv(text='提交').click()sleep(2)dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_record_bar_time"]').click()  # 點擊語音條'''斷言'''return element_info_existence(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.accountcenter:id/feedback_record_bar_time"]','xpath')

test_accountcenter.py文件

from case.fun.accountcenter import f1, f2, f5
from devices import dv
def test_f1():assert f1(dv)
def test_f2():assert f2(dv)
def test_f5():assert f5(dv)

familytime.py

import random
from time import sleep
from devices import dv
from tool.assertion import element_existence, element_info_existence, element_text_existence'''這些是通過觀察元素屬性觀察得出的結論，這些是通用值'''def tu(number):'''家人時光每個圖片定位'''tu = dv.xpath(f'//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.familytime:id/recycler_view"]/android.view.ViewGroup[{number}]/android.widget.ImageView[1]')return tu# 設為按鈕
set_as = dv(text='設為')
# 設置壁紙
set_wallpaper = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_wallpaper"]')
# 設置屏保
set_screensaver = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_screensaver"]')
# 設為按鈕
confirm = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_allow"]')
# 取消按鈕
cancel = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_cancel"]')def set_s_w():dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')tu(1).click()set_as.click()set_wallpaper.click()set_screensaver.click()confirm.click()# 多個斷言處理ass_1 = element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_message"]', 'xpath','壁紙、屏保設置成功')ass_2 = element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_label"]', 'xpath','壁紙 屏保')ass_list = [ass_1, ass_2]for i in ass_list:if not i:print(f'斷言{i}失敗')return Falsereturn Truedef cancel_s_w():dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')tu(1).click()set_as.click()set_wallpaper.click()set_screensaver.click()confirm.click()return element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_message"]', 'xpath','壁紙、屏保取消成功')

test_familytime.py

from case.fun.familytime import set_s_w, cancel_s_w
from devices import dv
from time import sleep
def test_set_s_w():set_s_w()
def test_cancel_s_w():cancel_s_w()

目錄結構1.4
新增dw.py文件，增加元素定位封裝，定位失敗截圖
新增conftest.py，配合pytest.fixture實現前后置
在這里插入圖片描述
dw.py

from time import sleep
from lxml import etree
from tool.screenshot import capture_screenshot
class DwFail(Exception):pass
def jt(case_name, positioning_instructions):print('定位元素不存在，進行截圖')info = f'用例標題{case_name}，定位元素說明：{positioning_instructions}'capture_screenshot(info)
def find_elements(dv, element, positioning_method, case_name, positioning_instructions):''':param dv: 設備對象:param element:元素定位數據:param positioning_method:元素定位方式:param case_name:測試用例名稱:param positioning_instructions: 這個元素測試的對象說明:return:'''sleep(1.5)if positioning_method == 'xpath':try:if dv.xpath(element).exists:print('定位成功')return dv.xpath(element)else:jt(case_name, positioning_instructions)raise DwFail(f'定位失敗,用例標題{case_name}，定位元素說明：{positioning_instructions}')except etree.XPathEvalError:jt(case_name, positioning_instructions)raise DwFail(f'xpath路徑錯誤定位,用例標題{case_name}，定位元素說明：{positioning_instructions}')elif positioning_method == 'text':if dv(text=element).exists:return dv(text=element)else:jt(case_name, positioning_instructions)raise DwFail(f'定位失敗,用例標題{case_name}，定位元素說明：{positioning_instructions}')else:print('暫時只支持xpath，text定位')if __name__ == '__main__':from devices import dv# find_elements(dv, '.ViewGroup[2]', 'xpath', 'xpath', '點擊設12222211111111置')find_elements(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter:id/feedback_record_bar_time', 'xpath','進行錄音問題反饋', '點擊語音條').click()# find_elements(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.accountcenter:id/mine_feedback_recyclerview"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]', 'xpath',#               '進行錄音問題反饋', '點擊語音條').click()

dw.py文件find_elements方法應用

import random
from time import sleep
from devices import dv
from tool.assertion import element_existence, element_info_existence, element_text_existence
from tool.dw import find_elements'''這些是通過觀察元素屬性觀察得出的結論，這些是通用值'''
def tu(number):'''家人時光每個圖片定位'''tu = dv.xpath(f'//*[@resource-id="com.visteon.txzing.familytime:id/recycler_view"]/android.view.ViewGroup[{number}]/android.widget.ImageView[1]')return tu# 設為按鈕
set_as = dv(text='設為')
# 設置壁紙
set_wallpaper = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_wallpaper"]')
# 設置屏保
set_screensaver = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_screensaver"]')
# 設為按鈕
confirm = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_allow"]')
# 取消按鈕
cancel = dv.xpath('//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_cancel"]')
def set_s_w():dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/recycler_view"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.widget.ImageView[1]','xpath', '照片設置為屏保壁紙', '點擊照片進入詳情').click()find_elements(dv, '設為','text', '照片設置為屏保壁紙', '點擊設為按鈕').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_wallpaper"]','xpath', '照片設置為屏保壁紙', '勾選壁紙').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_screensaver"]','xpath', '照片設置為屏保壁紙', '勾選屏保').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_allow"]','xpath', '照片設置為屏保壁紙', '進行設置').click()# 多個斷言處理ass_1 = element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_message"]', 'xpath','壁紙、屏保設置成功','照片設置為屏保壁紙斷言1')ass_2 = element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_label"]', 'xpath','壁紙 屏保','照片設置為屏保壁紙斷言2')ass_list = [ass_1, ass_2]for i in ass_list:if not i:print(f'斷言{i}失敗')return Falsereturn Truedef cancel_s_w():dv.app_stop('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')dv.app_start('com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime')find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/recycler_view"]/android.view.ViewGroup[1]/android.widget.ImageView[1]','xpath', '照片取消為屏保壁紙', '點擊照片進入詳情').click()find_elements(dv, '設為', 'text', '照片取消為屏保壁紙', '點擊設為按鈕').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_wallpaper"]','xpath', '照片取消為屏保壁紙', '取消勾選壁紙').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/check_screensaver"]','xpath', '照片取消為屏保壁紙', '取消勾選屏保').click()find_elements(dv,'//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/btn_normal_allow"]','xpath', '照片取消為屏保壁紙', '進行設置').click()return element_text_existence(dv, '//*[@resource-id="com.xxxxxxx.xxxxxxx.familytime:id/tv_message"]', 'xpath','壁紙、屏保取消成功','照片取消為屏保壁紙')

conftest.py文件

import pytest
from uiautomator2 import UiObjectNotFoundError
from tool.screenshot import capture_screenshot
@pytest.fixture(scope='function',autouse=True)
#autouse=True這將使該 fixture 在每個測試用例中自動執行，而無需顯式地添加裝飾器或參數
def zx(request):print('開始')print(f'用例信息{request}')yieldprint('結束')# def pytest_runtest_protocol(item, nextitem):
#     reports = yield
#     for report in reports:
#         if report.when == "call" and report.failed:
#             # 檢查是否是 UiObjectNotFoundError 異常
#             if isinstance(report.longrepr, UiObjectNotFoundError):
#                 # 獲取異常信息
#                 err_info = str(report.longrepr)
#
#                 # 調用截圖方法
#                 capture_screenshot(err_info)