Java SE--圖書管理系統模擬實現

一.設計思路

首先這個系統可以由倆種用戶使用，分別為管理者用戶和普通者用戶，根據不同的用戶有不同的界面，每個界面有不同的功能。

二.代碼實現

創建三個包和一個類

book包：包括Book類和Booklist類

Book類：

package book;
public class Book {private String name;  private String author;private int price;private String type;private boolean isborrow;
//構造方法public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {  //初始化this.name = name;this.author = author;this.price = price;this.type = type;}
//重寫toString方法，利于后續對象的打印@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Book{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", author='" + author + '\'' +", price=" + price +", type='" + type + '\'' +", " + ((isborrow==true)?"已借出":"未借出") +'}';}
//public boolean isIsborrow() {      //來判斷是否借出return isborrow;}public void setIsborrow(boolean isborrow) { //來設置是否借出this.isborrow = isborrow;}
}

Booklist類：

package book;public class Booklist {private int brrownum;private Book[] books=new Book[10]; //表示可以放11本書
//構造方法public Booklist() {                //初始化this.books[0]=new Book("三國演義","羅貫中",20,"小說");this.books[1]=new Book("紅樓夢","曹雪芹",20,"小說");this.books[2]=new Book("西游記","吳承恩",20,"小說");this.brrownum=3;         //表示已借出的書}
//封裝成員的訪問方法public int getBrrownum() {   //返回已借出的書的數量return brrownum;}public void setBrrownum(int brrownum) {    //調整刪除或增加時已借出的書的數量this.brrownum = brrownum;}public Book getBook(int pos) {    //得到某本書的位置return books[pos];}public void setBook(Book books,int currentNum) {   //用于新增書this.books[currentNum] = books;}
}

user包：User類、AdminUser類、Normaluser類

User類：

package user;import Opeartion.Operation;
import book.Booklist;public abstract class User {public Operation[] operation;     public abstract int meau();   public void doOpearation(int choice, Booklist booklist){this.operation[choice].work(booklist);}
}

AdminUser類：

public class AdminUser extends User{public AdminUser(){               //每個數組成員代表了不同的功能this.operation=new Operation[]{new ExitSystem(),new FindBook(),new AddBook(), new DelBook(),new ShowBook()};}@Override         //重寫了抽象父類User的方法public int meau(){System.out.println("***********************");System.out.println("1. 查找圖書");System.out.println("2. 新增圖書");System.out.println("3. 刪除圖書");System.out.println("4. 顯示圖書");System.out.println("0. 退出系統");System.out.println("***********************");System.out.println("其輸入你的選擇：");Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);int choice=scanner.nextInt();return choice;}
}

Normaluser類：

import Opeartion.*;import java.util.Scanner;public class Normaluser extends User {public Normaluser(){this.operation=new Operation[]{new ExitSystem(),new FindBook(),new BorrowBook(),new ReturnBook(),};}@Overridepublic int meau(){System.out.println("***********************");System.out.println("1. 查找圖書");System.out.println("2. 借閱圖書");System.out.println("3. 歸還圖書");System.out.println("0. 退出系統");System.out.println("***********************");System.out.println("其輸入你的選擇：");Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);int choice=scanner.nextInt();return choice;}
}

Operation包：包括了各種功能的類和一個接口

Operation接口：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;public interface Operation {  void work(Booklist booklist);
}

ReturnBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class ReturnBook implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("歸還圖書....");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("請輸入歸還書的名字：");String name=scanner.nextLine();int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();   //利用改變量進行數組遍歷for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {if (booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){booklist.getBook(i).setIsborrow(false);System.out.println("歸還成功！");return;}}System.out.println("沒有你要歸還的書.....");}
}

AddBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Book;
import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class AddBook implements Operation {@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("新增圖書......");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("請輸入新增書的名字：");String name=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("請輸入新增書的作者：");String author=scanner.nextLine();System.out.println("請輸入新增書的價格：");int price =scanner.nextInt();    scanner.nextLine();            //清除換行符System.out.println("請輸入新增書的類型：");String type =scanner.nextLine();int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {if (booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){System.out.println("已有這本書了，不能插入！");return;}}Book newbook =new Book(name,author,price,type);  //創建新書booklist.setBook(newbook,currentSize);booklist.setBrrownum(currentSize+1);System.out.println("新增成功！");}
}

BorrowBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class BorrowBook implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("借閱圖書");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("請輸入借閱書的名字：");String name=scanner.nextLine();int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {if (booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){if(booklist.getBook(i).isIsborrow()){System.out.println("該書已被借出了");return;}else {booklist.getBook(i).setIsborrow(true);System.out.println("借閱成功！");return;}}}System.out.println("沒有你要找的書，借閱失敗！");}
}

ExitSystem類：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;public class ExitSystem implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("退出系統...");System.exit(0);  //退出系統}
}

ShowBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class ShowBook implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("顯示圖書....");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {System.out.println(booklist.getBook(i));}}}

DelBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Book;
import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class DelBook implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("刪除圖書...");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("請輸入刪除書的名字：");String name=scanner.nextLine();int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();int pos =1;int i=0;for (i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {if (booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){pos=i;break;}}if (i==currentSize){System.out.println("沒有你刪除的書！");return;}for (int j = i; j < currentSize-1; j++) {   //currentSize-1 是防止指針越界booklist.setBook(booklist.getBook(j+1),j);}booklist.setBook(null,currentSize-1);   //為空指針后其對象會被收回booklist.setBrrownum(currentSize-1);System.out.println("刪除成功！");}
}

FindBook類：

package Opeartion;import book.Booklist;import java.util.Scanner;public class FindBook implements Operation{@Overridepublic void work(Booklist booklist) {System.out.println("查找圖書....");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("請輸入查找書的名字：");String name=scanner.nextLine();int currentSize=booklist.getBrrownum();for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {if (booklist.getBook(i).getName().equals(name)){System.out.println("找到了！");System.out.println(booklist.getBook(i));return;}}System.out.println("沒有你要找的書.....");}
}

Main類：

import book.Booklist;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.Normaluser;
import user.User;import java.util.Scanner;public class Main {public static User login(){System.out.println("其輸入你的名字：");Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);String name =scanner.nextLine();while (true){System.out.println("請輸入你的身份：1.管理員  2.用戶");int choice =scanner.nextInt();if(choice==1){return new AdminUser();}else if (choice==2){return new Normaluser();}else {System.out.println("輸入錯誤請重新輸入");}}}public static void main(String[] args) {Booklist booklist=new Booklist();User user =login();   //打印界面while (true){int choice=user.meau();  //打印對應的菜單user.doOpearation(choice,booklist);}}
}