一、解決的問題

Windows使用SonarQube時啟動腳本自動關閉，并發生報錯：

```

ERROR: Elasticsearch did not exit normally - check the logs at E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\logs\sonarqube.log ERROR: Elasticsearch died while starting up, with exit code 1 2025.04.19 20:49:39 WARN app[][o.s.a.p.AbstractManagedProcess] Process exited with exit value [ElasticSearch]: 1 2025.04.19 20:49:39 INFO app[][o.s.a.SchedulerImpl] Process[ElasticSearch] is stopped

```

ERROR: Elasticsearch did not exit normally - check the logs at E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\logs\sonarqube.log
ERROR: Elasticsearch died while starting up, with exit code 1
2025.04.19 20:49:39 WARN  app[][o.s.a.p.AbstractManagedProcess] Process exited with exit value [ElasticSearch]: 1
2025.04.19 20:49:39 INFO  app[][o.s.a.SchedulerImpl] Process[ElasticSearch] is stopped

二、問題產生的原因

查看./logs/es.log，內容如下：

2025.04.19 20:55:00 ERROR es[][o.e.b.Elasticsearch] fatal exception while booting Elasticsearch
java.lang.IllegalStateException: failed to obtain node locks, tried [E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\data\es8]; maybe these locations are not writable or multiple nodes were started on the same data path?at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:294) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.node.NodeConstruction.validateSettings(NodeConstruction.java:533) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.node.NodeConstruction.prepareConstruction(NodeConstruction.java:277) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.<init>(Node.java:200) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch$2.<init>(Elasticsearch.java:240) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.initPhase3(Elasticsearch.java:240) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:75) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]
Caused by: org.apache.lucene.store.LockObtainFailedException: Lock held by another program: E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\data\es8\node.lockat org.apache.lucene.store.NativeFSLockFactory.obtainFSLock(NativeFSLockFactory.java:117) ~[lucene-core-9.12.0.jar:?]at org.apache.lucene.store.FSLockFactory.obtainLock(FSLockFactory.java:43) ~[lucene-core-9.12.0.jar:?]at org.apache.lucene.store.BaseDirectory.obtainLock(BaseDirectory.java:44) ~[lucene-core-9.12.0.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment$NodeLock.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:232) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment$NodeLock.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:207) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]at org.elasticsearch.env.NodeEnvironment.<init>(NodeEnvironment.java:286) ~[elasticsearch-8.16.3.jar:?]... 6 more

發現ElasticSearch無法啟動，直接原因是數據目錄的鎖文件（node.lock）被占用或權限不足。

三、解決方案

刪除發生占用的鎖文件和數據，需要去./data目錄下找，還有./temp文件夾

# 刪除鎖文件和數據
E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\data\es8
# 清理臨時文件（可選）
E:\Inori_Code\Year3\SE\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\sonarqube-25.2.0.102705\temp

之后每次想結束SonarQube服務時，先在cmd里Ctrl+C結束進程，等待進程有序關閉后再關閉cmd窗口，就不會出現這個問題了。