. 前提：

mysql5.6.6以上的版本以上的版本才支持單表指定目錄，且目錄權限是MySQL:mysql。? 在mysql中數據文件存放于在my.cnf中datadir指定的路徑，使用的表引擎不同產生的文件格式、表文件個數也會有所差異。? mysql的表引擎有多種，表的擴展名也不一樣，如innodb用“ .ibd”，archive用“.arc ”，csv用“.csv”等。

1.步驟詳解

步驟一：設定my.cnf配置文件。

innodb_file_per_table=1

驗證開關已經打開。

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7mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'innodb_file_per_table'; +-----------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------+-------+

| innodb_file_per_table | ON | +-----------------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

步驟二：創建指定路徑存儲的分區表。

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31CREATE TABLE orders_list2 ( id INT AUTO_INCREMENT, customer_surname VARCHAR(30), store_id INT, salesperson_id INT, order_date DATE, note VARCHAR(500), INDEX idx (id) ) ENGINE = INNODB PARTITION BY LIST(store_id) ( PARTITION p1 VALUES IN (1, 3, 4, 17) INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district1' DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district1', PARTITION p2 VALUES IN (2, 12, 14) INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district2' DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district2', PARTITION p3 VALUES IN (6, 8, 20) INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district3' DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district3', PARTITION p4 VALUES IN (5, 7, 9, 11, 16) INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district4' DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district4', PARTITION p5 VALUES IN (10, 13, 15, 18) INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district5' DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/orders/district5' );

插入記錄：

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12insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(1, "yang", 1, 1, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(2, "yang", 2, 2, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(6, "yang", 6, 6, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(8, "yang", 8, 8, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(5, "yang", 5, 5, CURDATE(), "testing");

insert into orders_list2(id, customer_surname, store_id, salesperson_id, order_date, note) values(10, "yang", 10, 10, CURDATE(), "testing");

步驟三：到指定新路徑下驗證。

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20[root@f033b3fe25e2 orders]# tree

.

├── district1

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p1.ibd

├── district2

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p2.ibd

├── district3

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p3.ibd

├── district4

│ └── test

│ └── orders_list2#P#p4.ibd

└── district5

└── test

└── orders_list2#P#p5.ibd

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310 directories, 5 files

[root@f033b3fe25e2 orders]# pwd

/var/orders

查詢驗證：

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7mysql> explain partitions select * from orders_list2; +----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | orders_list2 | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 11 | NULL | +----+-------------+--------------+----------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

步驟四：新增分區處理。

場景假設：比如最新的數據，我們想存儲到SSD硬盤上。可以通過增加指定路徑的分區文件達到目的。

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7ALTER TABLE orders_list2 ADD PARTITION (PARTITION p6 VALUES IN (21,22,23) DATA DIRECTORY = '/var/ssd_testing' INDEX DIRECTORY = '/var/ssd_testing');

[root@f033b3fe25e2 var]# tree ssd_testing/

ssd_testing/

└── test

└── orders_list2#P#p6.ibd

六個分區結果：

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7mysql> explain partitions select * from orders_list2; +----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

| 1 | SIMPLE | orders_list2 | p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 12 | NULL | +----+-------------+--------------+-------------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2016年10月21日 20:56 思于家中床前