上一篇我們對如何創建Controller 來響應JSON 以及如何顯示數據到頁面中,已經有了初步的了解。?
Web開發使用 Controller 基本上可以完成大部分需求,但是我們還可能會用到 Servlet、Filter、Listener、Interceptor 等等。
當使用spring-Boot時,嵌入式Servlet容器通過掃描注解的方式注冊Servlet、Filter和Servlet規范的所有監聽器(如HttpSessionListener監聽器)。?
Spring boot 的主 Servlet 為 DispatcherServlet,其默認的url-pattern為“/”。也許我們在應用中還需要定義更多的Servlet,該如何使用SpringBoot來完成呢?
在spring boot中添加自己的Servlet有兩種方法,代碼注冊Servlet和注解自動注冊(Filter和Listener也是如此)。?
一、代碼注冊通過ServletRegistrationBean、 FilterRegistrationBean 和 ServletListenerRegistrationBean 獲得控制。?
也可以通過實現 ServletContextInitializer 接口直接注冊。
二、在 SpringBootApplication 上使用@ServletComponentScan 注解后,Servlet、Filter、Listener 可以直接通過 @WebServlet、@WebFilter、@WebListener 注解自動注冊,無需其他代碼。
通過代碼注冊Servlet示例代碼:
SpringBootSampleApplication.Java
package org.springboot.sample;import org.springboot.sample.servlet.MyServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServletRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet; @SpringBootApplication public class SpringBootSampleApplication { /** * 使用代碼注冊Servlet(不需要@ServletComponentScan注解) * * @return * @author SHANHY * @create 2016年1月6日 */ @Bean public ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean() { return new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(), "/xs/*");// ServletName默認值為首字母小寫,即myServlet } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringBootSampleApplication.class, args); } }
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MyServlet.java
package org.springboot.sample.servlet;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet * * @author 單紅宇(365384722) * @myblog http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/ * @create 2016年1月6日 */ //@WebServlet(urlPatterns="/xs/*", description="Servlet的說明") public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -8685285401859800066L; @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>doGet()<<<<<<<<<<<"); doPost(req, resp); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>doPost()<<<<<<<<<<<"); resp.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("<title>Hello World</title>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<h1>大家好,我的名字叫Servlet</h1>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); } }
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使用注解注冊Servlet示例代碼
SpringBootSampleApplication.java
package org.springboot.sample;import org.springboot.sample.servlet.MyServlet; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServletRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet; @SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan public class SpringBootSampleApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringBootSampleApplication.class, args); } }
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MyServlet2.java
package org.springboot.sample.servlet;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet * * @author 單紅宇(365384722) * @myblog http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/ * @create 2016年1月6日 */ @WebServlet(urlPatterns="/xs/myservlet", description="Servlet的說明") // 不指定name的情況下,name默認值為類全路徑,即org.springboot.sample.servlet.MyServlet2 public class MyServlet2 extends HttpServlet{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -8685285401859800066L; @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>doGet2()<<<<<<<<<<<"); doPost(req, resp); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>doPost2()<<<<<<<<<<<"); resp.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter(); out.println("<html>"); out.println("<head>"); out.println("<title>Hello World</title>"); out.println("</head>"); out.println("<body>"); out.println("<h1>大家好,我的名字叫Servlet2</h1>"); out.println("</body>"); out.println("</html>"); } }
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使用 @WebServlet 注解,其中可以設置一些屬性。
有個問題:DispatcherServlet 默認攔截“/”,MyServlet 攔截“/xs/*”,MyServlet2 攔截“/xs/myservlet”,那么在我們訪問?http://localhost:8080/xs/myservlet?的時候系統會怎么處理呢?如果訪問?http://localhost:8080/xs/abc?的時候又是什么結果呢?這里就不給大家賣關子了,其結果是“匹配的優先級是從精確到模糊,復合條件的Servlet并不會都執行”
既然系統DispatcherServlet 默認攔截“/”,那么我們是否能做修改呢,答案是肯定的,我們在SpringBootSampleApplication中添加代碼:
/*** 修改DispatcherServlet默認配置** @param dispatcherServlet* @return* @author SHANHY* @create 2016年1月6日 */ @Bean public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) { ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet); registration.getUrlMappings().clear(); registration.addUrlMappings("*.do"); registration.addUrlMappings("*.json"); return registration; }
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當然,這里可以對DispatcherServlet做很多修改,并非只是UrlMappings。
http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/article/details/50501686
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