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Given a linked list and an integer N, you need to find and return index where N is present in the Linked List. Return -1 if n is not present in the Linked List.

給定一個鏈表和一個整數N，您需要查找并返回索引，其中鏈表中存在N。 如果n在鏈接列表中不存在，則返回-1。

Indexing of nodes starts from 0.

節點的索引從0開始。

    Input format:
Line 1: Linked list elements (separated by space and terminated by -1)
Line 2: Integer n 
Output format:
Index

Example:

例：

    Sample Input 1:
3 4 5 2 6 1 9 -1
5
Sample Output 1:
2
Sample Input 2:
3 4 5 2 6 1 9 -1
6
Sample Output 2:
4

Description:

描述：

In this question, we are given a linked list and a data. We have to find the index of the Node which contains the data.

在這個問題中，我們得到了一個鏈表和一個數據。 我們必須找到包含數據的Node的索引 。

Example:

例：

    2->1->5->4->3->NULL
In this list 5 is at 2nd index.

Solution explanation:

解決方案說明：

In this question, we define a temp pointer and equating it with head of the Linked List. We have to keep an integer index keeping the track of the temp node. We keep on traversing while temp != NULL. On each traversal, we check whether temp's data and the user's data. If they are equal, we return the index. Else we increment index by 1 and temp to temp-> next.

在這個問題中，我們定義了一個臨時指針，并將其與“鏈表”的頭部相等。 我們必須保留一個整數索引來跟蹤臨時節點。 當temp！= NULL時，我們繼續遍歷。 在每次遍歷時，我們都會檢查temp的數據和用戶的數據。 如果它們相等，則返回index 。 否則，我們將index遞增1，并將temp遞增到temp-> next 。

At last if we don’t find the element, we return -1.

最后，如果找不到該元素，則返回-1。

Algorithm:

算法：

• Step 1: Declare the recursive function with parameters (Node * head, int data)

  步驟1：使用參數(Node * head，int數據)聲明遞歸函數

• Step 2: Put Node *temp = head, int index = 0;

  步驟2：將Node * temp = head ， int index = 0;

• Step 3: Repeat Step 4 and 5 while (temp!= NULL)

  步驟3： 在(temp！= NULL)的同時重復步驟4和5 。

• Step 4: if(temp -> data == data) return index

  步驟4： if(temp-> data == data)返回索引

• Step 5: else index++ and temp = temp->next;

  步驟5：else index ++和temp = temp-> next;

• Step 6: return -1

  步驟6：傳回-1

Function:

功能：

//Function for finding the node
int findNodeInLL(Node* head, int data){
//Used to keep track of the Node Index
int index = 0;              
Node * temp = head;
//LinkedList traversal for finding the node
while(temp!=NULL){
if(temp->data == data){         
//If element found return index
return index;               
}
temp = temp->next;
index++;
}   
//If element not found
return -1;                  
}

C++ code

C ++代碼

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
struct Node{// linked list Node
int data;
Node * next;
};
Node *newNode(int k){ //defining new node
Node *temp = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); 
temp->data = k; 
temp->next = NULL; 
return temp; 
}
//Used to add new node at the end of the list
Node *addNode(Node* head, int k){
if(head == NULL){
head = newNode(k);
}
else{
Node * temp = head;
Node * node = newNode(k);
while(temp->next!= NULL){
temp = temp->next;
}
temp-> next = node;
}
return head;
}
// Used to create new linked list and return head
Node *createNewLL(){
int cont = 1;
int data;
Node* head = NULL;
while(cont){
cout<<"Enter the data of the Node"<<endl;
cin>>data;
head = addNode(head,data);
cout<<"Do you want to continue?(0/1)"<<endl;
cin>>cont;
}
return head;
}
//Function for finding the node
int findNodeInLL(Node* head, int data){
//Used to keep track of the Node Index
int index = 0;              
Node * temp = head;
//LinkedList traversal for finding the node
while(temp!=NULL){
if(temp->data == data){         
//If element found return index
return index;               
}
temp = temp->next;
index++;
}   
//If element not found
return -1;                  
}
//Driver Main
int main(){
Node * head = createNewLL();
int data;
cout<<"Enter the data of the linked list to be found."<<endl;
cin>>data;
int index = findNodeInLL(head,data);
cout<<"It is present at "<<index<< endl;
return 0;
}

Output

輸出量

Enter the data of the Node
5
Do you want to continue?(0/1)
1
Enter the data of the Node
6
Do you want to continue?(0/1)
1
Enter the data of the Node
7
Do you want to continue?(0/1)
1
Enter the data of the Node
8
Do you want to continue?(0/1)
1
Enter the data of the Node
9
Do you want to continue?(0/1)
0
Enter the data of the linked list to be found.
8
It is present at 3

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/cpp-programs/find-a-node-in-linked-list.aspx

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