IT：如何使用Server 2008 R2上的遠程桌面服務設置自己的終端服務器

In today’s IT learning article, we are going to take a look at installing Terminal Services, otherwise known as Remote Desktop Services, on a Server 2008 R2 machine.

在今天的IT學習文章中，我們將介紹在Server 2008 R2計算機上安裝終端服務(也稱為遠程桌面服務)的過程。

Note: this is part of our ongoing series teaching IT administration basics, and might not apply to everybody.

注意：這是我們正在進行的系列教學IT管理基礎知識的一部分，可能并不適用于所有人。

什么是終端服務(遠程桌面服務) (What is Terminal Services (Remote Desktop Services))

Starting with Server 2008 R2, Terminal Services has been renamed to Remote Desktop Services. RDS, as it is abbreviated, allows you to have a powerful server that all your users connect to using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). You can think of it as a computer that lots of people remote desktop into at the same time, however they all have there own user session and desktop, and are completely unaware of each other. All you applications are installed once and available for any user to run. The user can remote into the server using the Remote Desktop Connection Manager included in Windows or more often than not can connect from thin clients, in fact they can connect from anything that implements the Remote Desktop Protocol.? If you are looking to save money and already have old machines, you should look at the recently launched OS from Microsoft called Windows Thin PC, which essentially turns your machines into thin clients.

從Server 2008 R2開始，終端服務已重命名為遠程桌面服務。 RDS的縮寫，它使您擁有一臺功能強大的服務器，所有用戶都可以使用遠程桌面協議(RDP)連接到該服務器。您可以將其視為一臺計算機，許多人可以同時遠程訪問桌面，但是他們都擁有自己的用戶會話和桌面，并且彼此之間完全不知道。您所有的應用程序都將安裝一次，并且可供任何用戶運行。用戶可以使用Windows附帶的“遠程桌面連接管理器”遠程訪問服務器，或者通常不可以通過瘦客戶端進行連接，實際上，他們可以通過實現“遠程桌面協議”的任何設備進行連接。如果您想省錢并且已經有了舊機器，則應該查看微軟最近推出的名為Windows Thin PC的操作系統，它實際上將您的機器變成了瘦客戶機。

Things to Watch Out For:

注意事項：

Application Licensing: Not any application can be installed on a Remote Desktop Server. A prime example is Office 2010. If you want to install Office on a RDS Server you will need the Volume License version, or you wont be able to install it
應用程序許可：不能在遠程桌面服務器上安裝任何應用程序。一個典型的例子是Office2010。如果要在RDS服務器上安裝Office，則需要批量許可證版本，否則將無法安裝它。
Client Access Licenses: Connecting to a RDS Server also requires licenses in the form of Per User or Per Device Client Access Licenses, this is what allows more than a single user to remote into the server. Although you will still need to purchase licenses, buying CALs is way cheaper than buying everyone a new Windows 7 license.
客戶端訪問許可證：連接到RDS服務器還需要“每用戶”或“每設備”客戶端訪問許可證形式的許可證，這使一個以上的用戶無法遠程訪問服務器。盡管您仍然需要購買許可證，但是購買CAL比購買所有人的新Windows 7許可證要便宜得多。

Note: The applications you wish to run on the Remote Desktop Server should not yet be installed, they should only be installed once you have installed the Remote Desktop Session Host Role.

注意：您尚未希望在遠程桌面服務器上運行的應用程序尚未安裝，只有在安裝了遠程桌面會話主機角色后，才應安裝它們。

安裝遠程桌面服務 (Installing Remote Desktop Services)

Open the Server Manager and right-click on roles, select Add Roles from the context menu

打開服務器管理器，右鍵單擊角色，從上下文菜單中選擇“添加角色”

Click next on the Before You Being page to bring up a list of Roles that can be installed, select Remote Desktop Services and click next

單擊“正在使用之前”頁面上的下一步，以顯示可以安裝的角色的列表，選擇“遠程桌面服務”，然后單擊“下一步”。

On the Introduction To Remote Desktop Services page click next, this will bring you to the Role Services page, select the Remote Desktop Session Host as well as the Remote Desktop Licensing Service and then click next.

在“遠程桌面服務簡介”頁面上，單擊“下一步”，這將帶您進入“角色服務”頁面，選擇“遠程桌面會話主機”以及“遠程桌面許可服務”，然后單擊“下一步”。

When you get to the application compatibility page it tells you that you should install the Session Host Role before you install your applications, just click next as we have not yet installed our applications. You are then asked if you want to require NLA, this will only allow Windows clients to connect to the Remote Desktop Session Host Server, in addition they must be running a Remote Desktop Client that support Network Level Authentication. I will go ahead and require NLA and then click next

當您進入應用程序兼容性頁面時，它指示您應該在安裝應用程序之前安裝會話主機角色，請單擊下一步，因為我們尚未安裝我們的應用程序。然后詢問您是否要使用NLA，這將僅允許Windows客戶端連接到遠程桌面會話主機服務器，此外它們必須運行支持網絡級別身份驗證的遠程桌面客戶端。我將繼續并要求NLA，然后單擊下一步

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Now you have to choose a licensing method, most of you guys wont have Remote Desktop Client Access Licenses, so you can leave your option at Configure Later this will give you unlimited access to the Remote Desktop Server for 4 Months (120 Days). However, if you do have licenses here is some information help you make your choice:

現在，您必須選擇一種許可方法，大多數人將沒有遠程桌面客戶端訪問許可，因此您可以在“稍后配置”中保留您的選項，這將使您在4個月(120天)內無限制地訪問遠程桌面服務器。但是，如果您確實具有許可證，則可以從以下信息中進行選擇：

Licensing Modes

許可方式

The licenses you purchased can be used either as Per User or Per Device. It is purely up to you, however if you already have a RDS Licensing Server you will have to choose the same option you chose when importing the licenses originally.

您購買的許可證可以按用戶或按設備使用。這完全取決于您，但是，如果您已經擁有RDS許可服務器，則必須選擇與最初導入許可證時選擇的選項相同的選項。

RDS Per User CAL –? This means that every user that connects to the RDS Server must have a license. The user is assigned the license rather than the devices that he/she connects to the server from. This mode is a good choice if your users want to connect from a lot of different computers or devices (iPad, Home PC, Laptop, Phone etc)
每個用戶的RDS CAL –這意味著連接到RDS服務器的每個用戶都必須具有許可證。為用戶分配了許可證，而不是為其分配從其連接到服務器的設備的許可證。如果您的用戶希望通過許多不同的計算機或設備(iPad，家用PC，筆記本電腦，電話等)進行連接，則此模式是一個不錯的選擇。
RDS Per Device CAL – If your users share a common workstation this is the mode for you, the license is given to the device rather than the users, this way many people can connect from a single device. However, if they try to connect from a different device they will not be able to since their user account doesn’t have a license.
每個設備的RDS CAL –如果您的用戶共享一個公用工作站，這是您的模式，則將許可證授予設備而不是用戶，這樣，許多人可以從單個設備進行連接。但是，如果他們嘗試從其他設備進行連接，則將無法連接，因為其用戶帳戶沒有許可證。

I will leave mine at configure later and click next

我將在以后的配置中離開我，然后單擊下一步

Now you should specify who can connect to the Remote Desktop Server, I will just add my user account (Windows Geek), then click next

現在，您應該指定可以連接到遠程桌面服務器的用戶，我只添加我的用戶帳戶(Windows Geek)，然后單擊下一步

You are now given the option of making the RDS Server look and act more like Windows 7, this is to avoid users getting confused when they see the classic theme. I will enable the all the settings, it requires more bandwidth though, so take your network traffic into account before going click-happy and selecting everything. Once you have made your choice click next

現在，您可以選擇使RDS服務器的外觀和行為更類似于Windows 7，這是為了避免用戶在看到經典主題時感到困惑。我將啟用所有設置，盡管它需要更多的帶寬，所以在單擊滿意并選擇所有內容之前，請考慮您的網絡流量。做出選擇后，單擊下一步

Since we are running Server 2008 R2, we don’t need to specify a Discovery Scope so just click next again

由于我們運行的是Server 2008 R2，因此無需指定發現范圍，因此只需再次單擊下一步即可。

Finally you can click on install.

最后，您可以單擊安裝。

Once installation is complete, reboot your server, when you log in the configuration will complete. That’s all there is to installing a Remote Desktop Server.

安裝完成后，重新啟動服務器，登錄時配置將完成。這就是安裝遠程桌面服務器的全部。

激活 (Activation)

If you need to install your licenses you can do it through the RD Licensing Manager. You will need to activate the Server first though. I wont go through this, as it is self-explanatory.

如果您需要安裝許可證，則可以通過RD許可證管理器進行安裝。不過，您將需要先激活服務器。我不會經歷這個，因為它是不言自明的。

Once you have installed you Licenses you will need to specify a license server for the RDS Session Host to use, to do this, open the RDS Session Host Configuration MMC

安裝許可證后，您需要為RDS會話主機指定要使用的許可證服務器，為此，請打開RDS會話主機配置MMC。

When the console opens double-click on the Remote Desktop license servers link.

控制臺打開后，雙擊“遠程桌面許可證服務器”鏈接。

Now you can specify your licensing mode and then hit the add button to specify a licensing server.

現在，您可以指定許可模式，然后單擊添加按鈕以指定許可服務器。

As I said before, you can skip this activation section and use Remote Desktop Services for 120 Days before you need to purchase a CAL. Once you have done this you will need to install your applications. However you cant just install them in any fashion you want, there is actually a special method for installing applications on a Remote Desktop Server.

如前所述，您可以跳過此激活部分，并在需要購買CAL之前使用120天的遠程桌面服務。完成此操作后，您將需要安裝應用程序。但是，您不能以所需的任何方式安裝它們，實際上有一種在遠程桌面服務器上安裝應用程序的特殊方法。