clonezilla使用
March 31st, 2011 is “World Backup Day”—celebrate it by using free software Clonezilla to clone an exact copy of your OS system disk, regardless if you use Windows, Mac OS, or Linux!
2011年3月31日是“世界備份日”，無論您使用Windows，Mac OS還是Linux，都可以使用免費軟件Clonezilla對其操作系統系統磁盤的精確副本進行復制來慶祝！
In the event of tragic hardware failure, a backup image or completely cloned disk can save you from loads of worry, and get you back on your feet effortlessly. Get in the spirit of the day—keep reading to see how to resurrect that machine with bootable copy of your OS.
萬一發生悲劇性的硬件故障，備份映像或完全克隆的磁盤可以使您免除繁重的工作，并輕松地站起來。 振作精神—繼續閱讀，以了解如何使用操作系統的可啟動副本來恢復該計算機。
克隆磁盤所需的內容 (What You’ll Need to Clone Your Disk)
 | A copy of Clonezilla Live CD or a CD-R to burn it on. If you find CD-Rs old fashioned, you can also put the Live Environment on a USB flash drive. You can go directly and download Clonezilla now, or jump ahead to the directions for which version to download and burn. If you’ve ever heard of Norton Ghost, Clonezilla is an excellent, feature rich alternative available for free download. Clonezilla can copy data, partitions, bootloaders, and system information—creating a copy so accurate your computer won’t know the cloned disk from the original. |
| A spare internal hard disk to clone your existing system disk on. One of Clonezilla’s listed “Limitations” is that the target disk must be equal size or larger than the source, so make sure that the drive (or partition) you’re cloning is smaller than the drive you’re cloning it to. Make sure your spare disk is one you can install in your computer before cloning, or you’ll find yourself cloning it again and again, which can be time consuming. Don’t bother formatting the drive, either, as Clonezilla will retain the formats and partitions of any drive you clone. | |
 | An external USB hard drive enclosure to use to write your disk clone to. You can work from one internally installed drive to another, but this involves a lot opening up your machine and installing a second drive, when a USB enclosure does it in seconds.(Author’s note: USB HDD enclosures have saved me from more that one mishap, including one with a drive that only started up one time out of twenty. The enclosure made it much easier to restart, restart, restart and then clone the disk. I would recommend every geek own one!) |
| Clonezilla Live CD或CD-R的副本，用于將其刻錄。 如果您發現老式CD-R，也可以將Live Environment放在USB閃存驅動器上。 您可以直接直接下載Clonezilla ，也可以直接跳至要下載和刻錄版本的說明。 如果您曾經聽說過Norton Ghost，則Clonezilla是一款出色的，功能豐富的替代產品，可以免費下載。 Clonezilla可以復制數據，分區，引導程序和系統信息-創建副本非常精確，您的計算機將不會從原始磁盤知道克隆的磁盤。 | |
 | 備用內部硬盤，用于克隆現有系統磁盤。 Clonezilla列出的“限制”之一是目標磁盤的大小必須等于或大于源磁盤的大小，因此請確保要克隆的驅動器(或分區)小于要克隆到的驅動器。 確保您的備用磁盤是您可以在克隆之前安裝在計算機中的磁盤，否則您會發現自己一次又一次地克隆它，這可能很耗時。 也不用擔心格式化驅動器，因為Clonezilla會保留您克隆的任何驅動器的格式和分區。 |
| 用于將磁盤克隆寫入其中的外部USB硬盤驅動器機箱。 您可以從一個內部安裝的驅動器工作到另一個驅動器，但這需要大量的時間來打開計算機并安裝另一個驅動器，而USB機箱只需幾秒鐘即可完成安裝。(作者注：USB HDD機箱使我免于遭受一次以上的災難，包括其中一個驅動器僅在二十次中啟動了一次。該機箱使重新啟動，重新啟動，重新啟動然后克隆磁盤變得更加容易。會推薦每個怪胎自己的！) |
In addition to this, you’ll need a working PC capable of booting from your optical (DVD & CD) drive, and your system disk will have to be capable of running at least long enough to clone your data. It is possible to clone disks with bad sectors or problems starting up—but healthy disks are the best ones to work with and clone, so ensure you have a backup before it is too late.
除此之外，您還需要一臺能夠從光盤(DVD＆CD)驅動器啟動的工作PC，并且系統磁盤必須至少能夠運行足夠長的時間才能克隆數據。 可以克隆扇區損壞或啟動有問題的磁盤，但是運行狀況良好的磁盤是最好的磁盤并進行克隆，因此請確保在備份為時已晚之前進行備份。
Download Clonezilla Live
下載Clonezilla Live
Clonezilla.org is the home to the Clonezilla project, where you can learn a bit about it, or simply download it. For most HTG readers, you can expect to use a x86 Live CD to clone, image, or restore your system disk. This will work with all Intel Macs, and likely any machine running Windows, and many distros of Linux.
Clonezilla.org是Clonezilla項目的所在地，您可以在其中了解一些內容，也可以直接下載它。 對于大多數HTG讀取器，您可以期望使用x86 Live CD來克隆，映像或還原系統磁盤。 這將適用于所有英特爾Mac，以及可能運行Windows的任何計算機以及許多Linux發行版。
As stated above, download the Clonezilla Live CD. If you navigate to Clonezilla.org, you’ll find there are a lot of options to sort through.
如上所述，下載Clonezilla Live CD。 如果導航到Clonezilla.org，您會發現有很多選項可供選擇。
We’ll be using the ISO version of the Live CD…
我們將使用Live CD的ISO版本…
As well as the latest stable release. Cut out the middleman, and download the x86 Live CD Stable Release ISO of Clonezilla by going here.
以及最新的穩定版本。 切掉中間人，并通過此處下載x86 Live CD穩定版Clonezilla的ISO 。
Once your ISO file is done downloading, the simplest thing to do is to burn it to a CD-R. One great program for burning ISO files is ImgBurn, although many other exist, including a solution built into Windows 7, if you happen to be running it.
下載完ISO文件后，最簡單的方法是將其刻錄到CD-R。 ImgBurn是刻錄ISO文件的一個很棒的程序，盡管還有很多其他程序，包括Windows 7內置的解決方案(如果您恰巧正在運行它的話)。
Boot The Clonezilla Live CD
引導Clonezilla Live CD
Many computers will automatically boot from a bootable CD like the Clonezilla Live Disc. However, if you have trouble booting from a CD, you’ll have to change your boot order in your BIOS, most of which can be reached by pressing Tab, Delete, or F8 immediately as you hear the machine beeps or chimes to let you know it is turning on.
許多計算機將自動從可啟動CD(例如Clonezilla Live Disc)啟動。 但是，如果從CD引導時遇到問題，則必須在BIOS中更改引導順序，當聽到機器發出嗶嗶聲或提示音時，可以通過立即按Tab，Delete或F8來訪問大多數引導順序。知道它正在打開。
Intel Mac users can boot from a CD by holding down the “C” key or the Alt/Option key on the keyboard immediately after you hear the trademark Mac startup noise.
聽到Mac商標啟動噪音后，立即按住鍵盤上的“ C”鍵或Alt / Option鍵，即可從CD引導Intel Mac用戶。
Clonezilla should boot up on nearly any PC without a hitch. Default settings on most screens will work for most readers, like this one, which requests which environment to boot. Press enter at the default choice to load Clonezilla in an 800 x 600 pixel environment.
Clonezilla應該可以在幾乎所有PC上順利啟動。 大多數屏幕上的默認設置都適用于大多數讀者(例如該讀者)，它要求啟動哪種環境。 在默認選擇上按Enter鍵，以在800 x 600像素的環境中加載Clonezilla。
Assuming you’re reading this, you can select the default language of English.
假設您正在閱讀本文，則可以選擇默認的英語語言。
Again, choosing the default of “Don’t Touch Keymap” will suffice. If you want to pick your keyboard, do so, but Clonezilla mostly uses the Enter and Arrow keys.
同樣，選擇默認的“ Do n't Touch Keymap”就足夠了。 如果要選擇鍵盤，可以這樣做，但是Clonezilla通常使用Enter和Arrow鍵。
啟動Clonezilla，然后開始克隆 (Start Clonezilla, and Start Cloning)
Clonezilla gives you the opportunity to use the command prompt to clone or image your disks, although we’ll consider that an option for expert users. Press enter to begin using Clonezilla.
盡管我們認為專家用戶可以選擇使用Clonezilla，但仍可以使用命令提示符來克隆或鏡像磁盤。 按Enter開始使用Clonezilla。
This is the major branch within the program. Do you want to create an image file to restore multiple copies of later, or simply clone a system disk to another hard drive to begin using immediately?
這是程序中的主要分支。 您是否要創建映像文件以還原以后的多個副本，還是只是將系統磁盤克隆到另一個硬盤驅動器以立即開始使用？
Here’s a breakdown of the two methods, and how to navigate through the prompts in Clonezilla to do them:
以下是這兩種方法的細目，以及如何在Clonezilla的提示中進行導航以實現它們：
| Create a Backup Image of Your System Disk | Create a Perfect Copy of Your System Disk |
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| Notes: When you reach #2, you’re selecting to use a local device, like your internal disk or a USB drive. Clonezilla supports cloning drives over network, or LAN, as well. #3 is where you select the destination of your image file—both on what device, which partition, and what folder, assuming it is formatted and can be written to. #5 allows you to choose to use an entire disk or partitions within the disk. You call which one to do there. When you get to #6, you’ll choose which drive you want to create an image of, and #7 allows you to decide if you want to verify your image once it has been written. | Notes: Device to device copy is easier for beginners, and is covered with screenshots in this how-to. We’ll be working exclusively with local disks (#3) with the option to clone single partitions, then? carefully going over picking our Source and destination drives. |
| 創建系統磁盤的備份映像 | 創建系統磁盤的完美副本 |
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| 注意：達到＃2時，您將選擇使用本地設備，例如內部磁盤或USB驅動器。 Clonezilla也支持通過網絡或LAN克隆驅動器。 ＃3是您選擇映像文件的目標的位置—假定已格式化并可以將其寫入任何設備，分區和文件夾。 ＃5允許您選擇使用整個磁盤或磁盤中的分區。 您叫那一個在那兒做。 進入＃6后，您將選擇要為其創建映像的驅動器，并且＃7允許您確定是否要在寫入映像后驗證映像。 | 注意：對于初學者來說，設備到設備的復制比較容易，并且在此操作方法的屏幕快照中對此進行了介紹。 我們將專門與本地磁盤(＃3)一起使用，可以選擇克隆單個分區，然后仔細地仔細檢查源驅動器和目標驅動器。 |
Refer back to this chart to help demystify Clonezilla as you navigate through its options and menus, particularly if you choose to create image files over cloning your entire disk.
返回此表可幫助您在瀏覽Clonezilla的選項和菜單時揭開神秘面紗，尤其是如果您選擇通過克隆整個磁盤來創建映像文件時。
Local Device to Local Device Cloning
本地設備到本地設備的克隆
Select “Device-device” to clone one drive onto another and not work with images. This will allow you to create a perfect clone of your system disk on a USB disk—but let’s not get ahead of ourselves.
選擇“設備-設備”將一個驅動器克隆到另一個驅動器上，而不使用映像。 這將允許您在USB磁盤上創建系統磁盤的完美克隆，但請不要超越自己。
Beginner mode is fine for almost all purposes. There is no need to venture into “Expert Mode” territory unless you’re feeling brave (or already know what you’re doing).
初學者模式幾乎可以用于所有目的。 除非您感到勇敢(或已經知道自己在做什么)，否則無需冒險進入“專家模式”領域。
Here you can elect to use local disks (drives hooked into your machine, either internally or via USB) or remote disks (LAN or SSH drives, for more advanced users). If you wish to only clone partitions, you can also do that here with the two “Part to Part” options. For our purposes, we’ll use “Disk to Local Disk.”
在這里，您可以選擇使用本地磁盤(內部或通過USB連接到計算機的驅動器)或遠程磁盤(對于高級用戶而言是LAN或SSH驅動器)。 如果只希望克隆分區，也可以在此處使用兩個“ Part to Part”選項。 為了我們的目的，我們將使用“磁盤到本地磁盤”。
(Author’s Note: If you’re not familiar with Linux or OS X’s more elaborate partitions, you probably shouldn’t clone just one of them. You may end up missing a key partition or a swap your OS might be looking for. To be safe, clone your entire disk, unless you’re absolutely certain you know what you’re doing!)
(作者注：如果您不熟悉Linux或OS X較為復雜的分區，則可能不應該僅克隆其中一個分區。您可能最終會丟失關鍵分區或OS可能正在尋找的交換分區。安全，請克隆整個磁盤，除非您完全確定自己知道自己在做什么！)
If you have many drives installed, including your USB drive, you may have trouble locating your source drive. This is the drive you want to clone, so make sure you pick it out correctly. Keep in mind that Clonezilla is based on GNU/Linux, so its drive naming structures may be unfamiliar to those of us that aren’t Linux users. (In other words, don’t go looking for your C:/ drive!)
如果您安裝了許多驅動器，包括USB驅動器，則可能找不到源驅動器。 這是您要克隆的驅動器，因此請確保正確選擇它。 請記住，Clonezilla基于GNU / Linux，因此它的驅動器命名結構可能對我們這些非Linux用戶的結構并不熟悉。 (換句話說，不要去尋找您的C：/驅動器！)
Likely you’ll have to rely on the size and brand name of your hard disk. In the example above, this PC’s system disk was a 300GB Samsung disk, which Clonezilla identifies as sda. Pick the disk that you want to clone, and press enter.
您可能必須依靠硬盤的大小和品牌名稱。 在上面的示例中，該PC的系統磁盤是300GB的Samsung磁盤，Clonezilla將該磁盤標識為sda 。 選擇要克隆的磁盤，然后按Enter。
The second choice is your destination, or target disk. On this PC, the choice was obvious, because the drive was 10x larger, and connected by USB. Depending on how you’ve got your drives connected, it may be more or less obvious. Simply keep in mind you choose the source first, then the destination.
第二個選擇是您的目標磁盤或目標磁盤。 在此PC上，選擇是顯而易見的，因為驅動器大10倍，并通過USB連接。 根據連接驅動器的方式，它可能或多或少是顯而易見的。 只需記住您首先選擇來源，然后選擇目的地。
With your Source and Destination drives sorted out, Clonezilla has enough information from you to clone your disk. Clonezilla will expect you to press Enter to continue and then print a lot of information to the screen.
整理好源驅動器和目標驅動器后，Clonezilla從您那里獲得了足夠的信息來克隆磁盤。 Clonezilla會期望您按Enter繼續，然后在屏幕上打印很多信息。
You’ll be given two opportunities to stop it from writing to your destination disk if you think you’ve chosen the wrong one. You should see the information listed above the Y/N prompt for the drive you’re writing your clone to, so double check it and hit Y for yes.
如果您認為選擇了錯誤的磁盤，將會有兩次機會阻止它寫入目標磁盤。 您應該在向克隆寫入的驅動器的Y / N提示符上方看到列出的信息，因此請仔細檢查并單擊Y表示是。
Here, you’re given the opportunity to clone the boot loader, which boots your operating system. If you’re plan to ever replace your system drive with this new one, you won’t want to deal with setting up a bootloader, so clone your existing one by selecting y for yes.
在這里，您將有機會克隆引導加載程序，該引導加載程序將引導您的操作系統。 如果您打算用此新驅動器替換系統驅動器，則不需要設置引導程序，因此可以通過選擇y來克隆現有的引導程序。
You’re given one final opportunity to back out before your target disk is formatted and written to, erasing all data on it and replacing it with a clone of your system drive. Y for yes to continue!
在格式化和寫入目標磁盤之前，您將獲得最后一次退出的機會，可以擦除目標磁盤上的所有數據，然后將其替換為系統驅動器的克隆。 是的，Y繼續！
And Clonezilla begins to work its magic.
Clonezilla開始發揮作用。
And continues.
并繼續。
And still continues. Don’t expect it to happen quickly, as creating a perfect clone of your operating system and all your partitions can take quite a long time, particularly over USB speeds. Be prepared to walk away, and come back after an hour, or two or three, depending on the size of your drive.
并且仍在繼續。 不要指望它會很快發生，因為創建操作系統和所有分區的完美克隆會花費很長時間，尤其是在USB速度方面。 準備走開，一小時或兩三個小時后再回來，具體取決于驅動器的大小。
Once your cloning is complete, you can expect more “Enter to Continue” prompts. From there, you can restart Clonezilla for more cloning action, or power down, or reboot.
克隆完成后，可能會出現更多“ Enter to Continue”提示。 從那里，您可以重新啟動Clonezilla以執行更多克隆操作，或者關閉電源或重新啟動。
Booting Up Your New (Old) Machine
引導新的(舊)計算機
Excited to test your clone? Install your new system disk, and set your BIOS to use it as your primary master drive. If everything has gone without a hitch, your computer (at least your operating system) won’t even realize it has a different disk inside it. You may find a big grin on your face—even the most minor details have been cloned, like this bootloader looking for the “Earlier Version of Windows.”
興奮地測試您的克隆？ 安裝新的系統磁盤，并將BIOS設置為將其用作主驅動器。 如果一切順利，則您的計算機(至少是操作系統)甚至不會意識到其中裝有其他磁盤。 您可能會臉上露出一個笑容，即使是最次要的細節也已被克隆，例如此引導程序正在尋找“ Windows的早期版本”。
And your Operating System, be it Linux, OS X, or Windows, will load like normal, without any issues. Again, this is providing that everything has gone smoothly and Clonezilla has been allowed to do its job correctly. So congrats! You’ve created a perfect backup of your system disk to keep for a rainy day—or a day when your hard drive breaks. All of your programs, personalizations, and installs will be complete—it’s almost too good to be true!
而且您的操作系統(無論是Linux，OS X還是Windows)都將像正常加載一樣，沒有任何問題。 同樣，這提供了一切順利的前提，并且允許Clonezilla正確執行其工作。 恭喜你！ 您已經為系統磁盤創建了完美的備份，以備不時之需-或硬盤壞掉的一天。 您的所有程序，個性化設置和安裝都將完成-太好了，難以置信！
So happy World Backup Day, everyone, and keep your data safe!
祝大家世界備份日快樂，并確保您的數據安全！
Image Credits: Computers_0046 by XLShadow, available under Creative Commons. Computer Image by Rev. Xanatos Satanicos Bombasticos (ClintJCL), available under Creative Commons. BIOS/UEFI Image By Yatri Trivedi, used without permission, assumed to be outright theft. All other images by the author.
圖片鳴謝： XLShadow提供的Computers_0046 ，可在“創用CC”下找到。 Xanatos Satanicos Bombasticos牧師(ClintJCL)提供的計算機圖像，可在Creative Commons下獲得。 Yatri Trivedi編寫的BIOS / UEFI映像未經許可，未經使用，被認為是完全盜竊。 所有其他圖像均由作者提供。
翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/57442/how-to-backup-and-resurrect-a-dead-or-dying-system-disk-with-clonezilla/
clonezilla使用
一個面試題問倒了我，原來String并不簡單)
