Gitlab Runner?

GitLab Runner是一個用于運行GitLab CI/CD流水線作業的軟件包，由GitLab官方開發，完全開源。你可以在很多主流的系統環境或平臺上安裝它，如Linux、macOS、Windows和Kubernetes。如果你熟悉Jenkins 的話，你可以把它理解為Jenkins slave節點。

Gitlab Runner?架構

安裝GitLab Runner

沒有GitLab Runner，GitLab CI/CD的流水線就無法運行，現在我們就在一臺計算機上安裝GitLab Runner。GitLab Runner的安裝方式有很多，二進制安裝，docker安裝。今天我介紹一下二進制安裝。

1. 下載安裝包

sudo curl -L --output /usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner "https://s3.dualstack.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/gitlab-runner-downloads/latest/binaries/gitlab-runner-linux-amd64"

2. 添加執行權限

#sudo?chmod?+x?/usr/local/bin/gitlab-runner

3. 創建?GitLab CI 用戶

#useradd --comment 'Gitlab runner' --create-home gitlab-runner --shell /bin/bash

4. ?作為服務安裝

sudo gitlab-runner install --user=gitlab-runner --working-directory=/home/gitlab-runnersudo gitlab-runner start

5. 注冊到Gitlab 服務器

當然你如果有自己的gitlab 服務器的話，也可以注冊到自己的gitlab 服務器。

gitlab-runner registerRuntime platform                                    arch=amd64 os=linux pid=47871 revision=44feccdf versionRunning in system-mode.                                                                               Enter the GitLab instance URL (for example, https://gitlab.com/):https://gitlab.comEnter the registration token:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx??//請替換成自己的token Enter a description for the runner:[gitlab01]: linuxEnter tags for the runner (comma-separated):linuxEnter optional maintenance note for the runner:This is only for testing.WARNING: Support for registration tokens and runner parameters in the 'register' command has been deprecatert for authentication tokens. For more information, see https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/runners/new_creation_Registering runner... succeeded                     runner=GR134894157Z-kVdL            Enter an executor: instance, custom, ssh, parallels, docker-windows, docker+machine, shell, virtualbox, doc[shddd]: dockerEnter the default Docker image (for example, ruby:2.7):alpine:latestRunner registered successfully. Feel free to start it, but if it's running already the config should be automatically reloaded! Configuration (with the authentication token) was saved in "/etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml"

通過下面的步驟可以查看token

注冊成功后，可以登錄gitlab.com來查看該runner

運行pipeline

在你的project 中創建一個.gitlab-ci.yml文件

復制下面的代碼并提交更改，然后pipeline開始工作。

build-job:  stage: build  script:    - echo "Hello, $GITLAB_USER_LOGIN!"
test-job1:  stage: test  script:    - echo "This job tests something"
test-job2:  stage: test  script:    - echo "This job tests something, but takes more time than test-job1."    - echo "After the echo commands complete, it runs the sleep command for 20 seconds"    - echo "which simulates a test that runs 20 seconds longer than test-job1"    - sleep 20
deploy-prod:  stage: deploy  script:    - echo "This job deploys something from the $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH branch."  environment: production

選擇Build-Pipelines，你可以看到三個階段的pipepline:

點擊pipeline id，可以看到圖形化的pipeline。

選擇其中的一個job，點擊該job名稱可以看到job的詳細信息。

到此為止，你已經在gitlab 中成功運行第一個CICD pipeline。

總結

今天我們了解的 Gitlab CI/CD 中負責執行腳本的 Gitlab Runner 的設計結構，介紹了它的安裝（二進制），注冊流程。最后我們演示了如何運行一個 CICD pipeline。